Zhang Wenchang, Cao Mantang, Yin Qi, Zhang Jin, Wang Chenhui, Han Li, Cai Yingli, Shi Xiaofei, Ma Linjing, Abdellah Yousif Abdelrahman Yousif, Yu Fuqiang, He Peixin, Liu Wei
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
Microb Biotechnol. 2025 Jul;18(7):e70197. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.70197.
True morels are precious edible and medicinal mushrooms. The sustainable development of morel cultivation necessitates urgent breeding programmes to develop improved varieties or strains. Some soil bacteria, including Pedobacter spp., are recognised as morel's beneficial microbes. In this paper, the potential beneficial bacterium Pedobacter sp. DDGJ with minor chitinolytic activity was isolated and confirmed for improving morel's mycelial growth and identified using a combination of morphological characteristics, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, and comparative genomics. Then, it was introduced into the hyphal cells of three cultivated Morchella strains (M. sextelata 13, M. eximia SM, and M. importuna Y2) through a confrontation culture method. The successful establishment of artificial endosymbiosis was confirmed by PCR assay, green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) localisation, and the cryo-preparation system conjunction with high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy. Laboratory assay indicated that artificial endosymbiosis of the bacterium significantly enhanced morel's growth potential, resistance to allelochemicals of 4-coumaric acid and antagonistic capability against the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum and soil-dominant fungus Chaetomium globosum. Moreover, the outdoor planting experiment showed significant increase in productivity among the endosymbiotic morel strains. The study provides an additional tool to improve Morchella strains with high yield and strong stress resistance.
真羊肚菌是珍贵的食药用菌。羊肚菌栽培的可持续发展迫切需要开展育种计划以培育优良品种或菌株。一些土壤细菌，包括Pedobacter属细菌，被认为是羊肚菌的有益微生物。本文分离出具有轻微几丁质分解活性的潜在有益细菌Pedobacter sp. DDGJ，并证实其可促进羊肚菌菌丝生长，通过形态特征、16S rRNA基因测序和比较基因组学相结合的方法对其进行了鉴定。然后，通过对峙培养法将其引入三种栽培羊肚菌菌株（六妹羊肚菌13、卓越羊肚菌SM和黑脉羊肚菌Y2）的菌丝细胞中。通过PCR检测、绿色荧光蛋白基因（gfp）定位以及冷冻制备系统与高分辨率场发射扫描电子显微镜联用，证实了人工内共生的成功建立。实验室检测表明，该细菌的人工内共生显著增强了羊肚菌的生长潜力、对4-香豆酸化感物质的抗性以及对致病真菌尖孢镰刀菌和土壤优势真菌球毛壳菌的拮抗能力。此外，室外种植实验表明，内共生羊肚菌菌株的产量显著提高。该研究为培育高产、抗逆性强的羊肚菌菌株提供了一种新工具。
