Üst Özge, Kalefetoğlu Macar Tuğçe, Macar Oksal, Yalçın Emine, Çavuşoğlu Kültiğin, Kutluer Fatih
Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
Department of Food Technology, Şebinkarahisar School of Applied Sciences, Giresun University, Giresun, 28400, Turkey.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 22;15(1):26565. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-03777-z.
Uranium compounds, particularly uranyl acetate, are known to cause significant genotoxic and oxidative damage in biological systems due to their high chemical reactivity. In recent years, plant-based antioxidants, such as those found in Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, have attracted considerable attention for their potential to mitigate the toxicity of heavy metals. The present study was conducted to investigate the mitigative effect of A. esculentus (L.) Moench extract on the toxicity induced by uranyl acetate in the model organism Allium cepa L. Tap water, 250 mg L A. esculentus extract, 500 mg L A. esculentus extract, 0.1 mg mL uranyl acetate, 0.1 mg mL uranyl acetate + 250 mg L A. esculentus extract, and 0.1 mg mL uranyl acetate + 500 mg L A. esculentus extract were administered to the six groups of A. cepa bulbs. The group treated with tap water served as control group. Uranyl acetate caused a significant reduction in rooting percentage, root elongation, weight gain, mitotic index and the levels of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. There was a notable increase in the frequency of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations (CAs), as well as a rise in malondialdehyde level following the uranyl acetate administration. The uranyl acetate-induced CAs included fragment, sticky chromosome, vagrant chromosome, bridge and unequal distribution of chromatin. The group treated with uranyl acetate also exhibited elevated levels of DNA damage, meristematic cell injury and superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities. The meristematic damage induced by uranyl acetate was observed in the epidermis, cortex and nucleus of epidermal cells. The A. esculentus extract was observed to possess high levels of phenolic compounds and exhibited dose-dependent efficacy in mitigating the adverse effects of uranyl acetate. According to LC/MS analysis, the most abundant phenolic compounds in A. esculentus extract were rutin, caffeic acid, quercetin, salicylic acid and 4-OH benzoic acid. It was concluded that the capacity of A. esculentus extract to reduce uranyl acetate-induced multidirectional toxicity may be related to the ability of its phenolic compounds to chelate and scavenge radicals.
铀化合物，尤其是醋酸双氧铀，因其高化学反应活性，已知会在生物系统中造成显著的遗传毒性和氧化损伤。近年来，植物性抗氧化剂，如在黄秋葵（Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench）中发现的那些，因其减轻重金属毒性的潜力而备受关注。本研究旨在调查黄秋葵提取物对醋酸双氧铀在模式生物洋葱（Allium cepa L.）中诱导的毒性的减轻作用。将自来水、250毫克/升黄秋葵提取物、500毫克/升黄秋葵提取物、0.1毫克/毫升醋酸双氧铀、0.1毫克/毫升醋酸双氧铀 + 250毫克/升黄秋葵提取物以及0.1毫克/毫升醋酸双氧铀 + 500毫克/升黄秋葵提取物分别施用于六组洋葱鳞茎。用自来水处理的组作为对照组。醋酸双氧铀导致生根率、根伸长、重量增加、有丝分裂指数以及叶绿素a和叶绿素b水平显著降低。醋酸双氧铀给药后，微核和染色体畸变（CA）频率显著增加，丙二醛水平也有所上升。醋酸双氧铀诱导的CA包括片段、粘性染色体、游移染色体、桥以及染色质分布不均。用醋酸双氧铀处理的组还表现出DNA损伤、分生细胞损伤以及超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性升高。在表皮细胞的表皮、皮层和细胞核中观察到了醋酸双氧铀诱导的分生组织损伤。观察到黄秋葵提取物含有高水平的酚类化合物，并且在减轻醋酸双氧铀的不良反应方面表现出剂量依赖性疗效。根据液相色谱/质谱分析，黄秋葵提取物中最丰富的酚类化合物是芦丁、咖啡酸、槲皮素、水杨酸和4 - 羟基苯甲酸。得出的结论是，黄秋葵提取物降低醋酸双氧铀诱导的多向毒性的能力可能与其酚类化合物螯合和清除自由基的能力有关。
