Eliwa Ayman S, Zaki Magdi E A, Besher Mostafa A, Mohamed Gehad G
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Chem. 2025 Jul 22;19(1):219. doi: 10.1186/s13065-025-01579-y.
One of the most powerful anticoagulant rodenticides is bromadiolone and its detection is essential because of its extensive application and possible environmental and health risks. Bromadiolone is a highly potent second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide that poses significant risks to both human health and the environment. Due to its high toxicity, even low levels of exposure can lead to severe poisoning in non-target species, including pets, wildlife, and humans. Furthermore, bromadiolone is known for its environmental persistence, accumulating in ecosystems and entering food chains. Therefore, the sensitive and accurate detection of bromadiolone residues is essential for monitoring contamination, ensuring public safety and guiding appropriate regulatory measures. Effective detection methods play a vital role in minimizing accidental poisoning, assessing environmental impact, and supporting forensic investigations related to toxic exposure incidents. This study presents the preparation and characterization of lead organic frameworks (Pb-MOFs) designed for the selective and sensitive detection of bromadiolone. Utilizing a combination of transition metals and organic linkers, we developed a series of MOFs with tailored pore sizes and functional groups to enhance their interaction with bromadiolone molecules. The synthesized MOFs were characterized through multiple techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, to verify their crystalline structure, morphology, functional groups, surface area, and pore size. The surface area was determined to be 1304.27 m g according to the BET analysis. With an average pore size of 4.61 nm, the calculated total pore volume was 2.13 cmg. An important step forward in chemical research is the utilization of the produced Pb-MOF in the electrochemical detection of the powerful anticoagulant rodenticide bromadiolone. We incorporated lead ions into the MOF structure to enhance its electrochemical sensitivity, enabling high detection of bromadiolone..
最有效的抗凝血灭鼠剂之一是溴敌隆，由于其广泛应用以及可能存在的环境和健康风险，对其进行检测至关重要。溴敌隆是一种高效的第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂，对人类健康和环境都构成重大风险。由于其高毒性，即使低剂量接触也可能导致非目标物种（包括宠物、野生动物和人类）严重中毒。此外，溴敌隆以其环境持久性而闻名，会在生态系统中积累并进入食物链。因此，灵敏准确地检测溴敌隆残留对于监测污染、确保公众安全以及指导适当的监管措施至关重要。有效的检测方法在将意外中毒降至最低、评估环境影响以及支持与有毒暴露事件相关的法医调查方面发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究介绍了用于选择性灵敏检测溴敌隆的铅有机框架（Pb-MOFs）的制备和表征。通过结合过渡金属和有机连接体，我们开发了一系列具有定制孔径和官能团的MOF，以增强它们与溴敌隆分子的相互作用。通过多种技术对合成的MOF进行了表征，包括X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）表面积分析，以验证其晶体结构、形态、官能团、表面积和孔径。根据BET分析，表面积测定为1304.27 m²/g。平均孔径为4.61 nm，计算出的总孔体积为2.13 cm³/g。化学研究向前迈出的重要一步是将制备的Pb-MOF用于高效抗凝血灭鼠剂溴敌隆的电化学检测。我们将铅离子引入MOF结构以增强其电化学灵敏度，从而实现对溴敌隆的高灵敏度检测。
