Rahatijafarabad Behnaz, Poorkhani AmirHoushang, Esfandiari Fatemeh, Sedaghat SeyyedMehdi, Ghasemi-Kebria Fatemeh, Hasanpour-Heidari Susan, Amirkhanlou Saeid, Roshandel Gholamreza
Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jorjani Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Cancer Research Center, Jorjani Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
BMC Cancer. 2025 Jul 28;25(1):1227. doi: 10.1186/s12885-025-14641-8.
Urinary tract cancers (UTC), particularly bladder and kidney cancers, are associated with high mortality rates globally. In Iran, and specifically in Golestan province, an increasing trend in the incidence of these cancers has been reported. This study aims to analyze cancer trends and inform health policy planning to reduce the burden of these diseases in Golestan.
Data was collected from the Golestan Population-Based Cancer Registry (GPCR) covering cases of UTC, particularly kidney and bladder cancer from 2004 to 2019. Crude and age-standardized rates (ASR) of kidney and bladder cancers were calculated and presented per 100,000 person-years. Estimated annual percent changes (EAPC) of the ASRs were calculated to investigate time trends in incidence rates.
The ASR for kidney cancer was 2.32 per 100,000, with rates of 2.75 for men and 1.91 for women. Bladder cancer had an ASR of 5.93, with 9.46 in men and 2.52 in women. Urban populations experienced higher incidence rates as 2.71 for kidney cancer and 7.01 for bladder cancer versus 1.87 and 4.80 in rural areas, respectively. The estimated annual percentage change in incidence was 3.68% for kidney and 1.56% for bladder cancer.
Our findings suggest high rates and increasing trends in incidence of kidney and bladder cancers in Golestan. The study indicates higher kidney and bladder cancer rates in men and urban residents. Further investigations are warranted to assess the effects of risk factors like smoking, opioid drug use and agricultural factors on incidence of urinary tract cancers in this population.
尿路癌症（UTC），尤其是膀胱癌和肾癌，在全球范围内与高死亡率相关。在伊朗，特别是在戈勒斯坦省，这些癌症的发病率呈上升趋势。本研究旨在分析癌症趋势，并为卫生政策规划提供信息，以减轻戈勒斯坦省这些疾病的负担。
从戈勒斯坦省基于人群的癌症登记处（GPCR）收集数据，涵盖2004年至2019年的UTC病例，特别是肾癌和膀胱癌病例。计算肾癌和膀胱癌的粗发病率和年龄标准化发病率（ASR），并按每10万人年呈现。计算ASR的估计年变化百分比（EAPC），以调查发病率的时间趋势。
肾癌的ASR为每10万人2.32例，男性为2.75例，女性为1.91例。膀胱癌的ASR为5.93例，男性为9.46例，女性为2.52例。城市人口的发病率较高，肾癌为2.71例，膀胱癌为7.01例，而农村地区分别为1.87例和4.80例。肾癌发病率的估计年变化百分比为3.68%，膀胱癌为1.56%。
我们的研究结果表明，戈勒斯坦省肾癌和膀胱癌的发病率较高且呈上升趋势。该研究表明男性和城市居民的肾癌和膀胱癌发病率更高。有必要进一步调查，以评估吸烟、阿片类药物使用和农业因素等风险因素对该人群尿路癌症发病率的影响。
