Zimonjić Ivana, Marinković Valentina, Jocić Dragana, Dražeta Lazar, Odalović Marina
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Legislation, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
Galenika Ad Beograd, Belgrade, Serbia.
Int J Clin Pharm. 2025 Aug 15. doi: 10.1007/s11096-025-01987-z.
The second victim phenomenon, referring to the impact of patient safety incidents on healthcare professionals, also affects pharmacists. Dispensing errors or inadequate counselling cause anxiety, reduced motivation, and staff turnover. Support programmes exist for healthcare professionals, but not specifically for pharmacists.
To explore pharmacists' perceptions of tailored education to enhance competencies in overcoming second victim experiences, including (i) potential impacts, (ii) recommended content for professional development and undergraduate curricula, (iii) preferred design and delivery methods, and (iv) experience with existing programmes.
A qualitative focus group study using the experiences, opinions, and recommendations approach was conducted in Serbia. Data were collected through a semi-structured guide and a self-reported questionnaire on participation in existing programmes. Discussions continued until saturation. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed using the inductive thematic approach with MAXQDA software. Descriptive statistics summarised programme participation.
Participants perceived tailored education as necessary for improving error response, empowering individuals and the profession, and enhancing pharmaceutical care. Thematic analysis identified four themes: (i) impacts of tailored programmes, (ii) topics for professional development, (iii) topics for undergraduate curricula, and (iv) programme design and delivery. Key areas included soft skills, risk and stress management. Undergraduate education should strengthen communication, motivation, and career development. Preferred methods were workshops and blended learning. Of 25 participants, 20 (80%) attended support programmes; 20 (80%) reported improved competence, and 20 (80%) would recommend them to colleagues.
Community pharmacists perceived tailored education addressing second victim experiences as important for professional resilience and improving pharmaceutical care.
二次受害者现象是指患者安全事件对医疗保健专业人员的影响，药剂师也会受到影响。配药错误或咨询不足会导致焦虑、工作积极性降低和人员流动。有针对医疗保健专业人员的支持项目，但没有专门针对药剂师的项目。
探讨药剂师对定制教育的看法，以提高其克服二次受害者经历的能力，包括（i）潜在影响，（ii）专业发展和本科课程的推荐内容，（iii）首选的设计和授课方法，以及（iv）对现有项目的体验。
在塞尔维亚进行了一项定性焦点小组研究，采用经验、意见和建议的方法。通过半结构化指南和一份关于参与现有项目的自我报告问卷收集数据。讨论持续到饱和状态。录音逐字转录，并使用MAXQDA软件采用归纳主题分析法进行分析。描述性统计总结了项目参与情况。
参与者认为定制教育对于改善错误应对、增强个人和专业能力以及提高药学服务至关重要。主题分析确定了四个主题：（i）定制项目的影响，（ii）专业发展主题，（iii）本科课程主题，以及（iv）项目设计和授课。关键领域包括软技能、风险和压力管理。本科教育应加强沟通、动机和职业发展。首选方法是研讨会和混合式学习。在25名参与者中，20名（80%）参加了支持项目；20名（80%）报告能力有所提高，20名（80%）会向同事推荐这些项目。
社区药剂师认为针对二次受害者经历的定制教育对于职业恢复力和改善药学服务很重要。
