Berkowitz G S, Canny P F, Vivolsi V A, Merino M J, O'Connor T Z, Kelsey J L
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1985 Dec;39(4):308-13. doi: 10.1136/jech.39.4.308.
The association between cigarette smoking and the occurrence of benign breast disease was assessed in a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Connecticut during 1979-81. Current smokers, but not former smokers, were at reduced risk for all benign breast diseases. The odds ratios associated with current smoking were 0.7 (95% confidence intervals = 0.6, 0.9) for fibrocystic breast disease, 0.6 (95% confidence intervals = 0.5, 0.9) for fibroadenoma, 0.6 (95% confidence intervals = 0.4, 1.0) for fibrocystic breast disease concomitant with fibroadenoma, and 0.6 (95% confidence intervals = 0.5, 0.9) for other benign breast disease. Adjustments for potentially confounding variables, including indices of medical care utilisation, affected these odds ratios only slightly. There was no convincing evidence of an association, either negative or positive, between current cigarette smoking and the degree of epithelial atypia of the fibrocystic lesions. However, the negative association between fibrocystic disease and current cigarette smoking was strongest for atypical lobular hyperplasia, which in turn has been associated with a particularly elevated risk of subsequent breast cancer.
1979 - 1981年在康涅狄格州进行的一项基于医院的病例对照研究中，评估了吸烟与良性乳腺疾病发生之间的关联。当前吸烟者而非既往吸烟者，患所有良性乳腺疾病的风险降低。与当前吸烟相关的比值比，纤维囊性乳腺病为0.7（95%置信区间 = 0.6, 0.9），纤维腺瘤为0.6（95%置信区间 = 0.5, 0.9），伴有纤维腺瘤的纤维囊性乳腺病为0.6（95%置信区间 = 0.4, 1.0），其他良性乳腺疾病为0.6（95%置信区间 = 0.5, 0.9）。对包括医疗服务利用指标在内的潜在混杂变量进行调整后，这些比值比仅略有变化。没有令人信服的证据表明当前吸烟与纤维囊性病变的上皮异型程度之间存在负相关或正相关。然而，纤维囊性疾病与当前吸烟之间的负相关在非典型小叶增生中最为明显，而非典型小叶增生又与随后患乳腺癌的风险特别升高有关。
