Tong Michelle, Pillai Rajesh G, Kobryn Alexander, Yan Zhimin, Chan Nora W C, Jemere Abebaw B
National Research Council Canada - Quantum and Nanotechnologies Research Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada.
Defence Research and Development CanadaSuffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, Alberta T1A 8K6, Canada.
ACS Omega. 2025 Aug 12;10(33):38292-38302. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c06732. eCollection 2025 Aug 26.
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based electrochemical sensor for the rapid detection of fentanyl is reported. The sensor was prepared by electrochemically grafting polydopamine on a carbon nanofiber-Pt nanoparticle composite-modified screen-printed electrode. Dopamine was identified as a suitable functional monomer via in-silico modeling and was electropolymerized via cyclic voltammetry in the presence of fentanyl to form the MIP sensor. The properties and morphology of the sensing material were characterized with spectroscopy, microscopy, and electrochemical techniques. Factors influencing the sensor performance were studied and optimized. Under optimized conditions, the MIP sensor response followed the Langmuir-Freundlich binding isotherm with a dissociation constant ( ) of 16.13 μM and a limit of detection of 0.094 μM fentanyl. The sensor displayed good run-to-run repeatability and batch-to-batch performance reproducibility with relative standard deviations of 6.7% ( = 5) and 9.1% ( = 3), respectively. Three sensors, prepared and tested in parallel, showed excellent storage stability in a fridge under a humidified environment for 4 weeks with relative standard deviations of ≤10%. The developed MIP sensor presented suitable selectivity when interrogated with solutions composed of equimolar concentrations of fentanyl and glucose, acetaminophen, theophylline, morphine, naloxone, codeine, or norfentanyl. The sensor was also successfully tested in artificial urine samples, indicating that it is a promising candidate as a rapid testing method in fentanyl investigation.
报道了一种基于分子印迹聚合物（MIP）的用于快速检测芬太尼的电化学传感器。该传感器是通过在碳纳米纤维-铂纳米颗粒复合修饰的丝网印刷电极上电化学接枝聚多巴胺制备的。通过计算机模拟确定多巴胺为合适的功能单体，并在芬太尼存在下通过循环伏安法进行电聚合以形成MIP传感器。用光谱、显微镜和电化学技术对传感材料的性质和形态进行了表征。研究并优化了影响传感器性能的因素。在优化条件下，MIP传感器响应遵循Langmuir-Freundlich结合等温线，解离常数（ ）为16.13 μM，芬太尼检测限为0.094 μM。该传感器具有良好的批内重复性和批间性能重现性，相对标准偏差分别为6.7%（ = 5）和9.1%（ = 3）。并行制备和测试的三个传感器在潮湿环境下于冰箱中储存4周时显示出优异的稳定性，相对标准偏差≤10%。当用等摩尔浓度的芬太尼与葡萄糖、对乙酰氨基酚、茶碱、吗啡、纳洛酮、可待因或去甲芬太尼组成的溶液进行检测时，所开发的MIP传感器表现出合适的选择性。该传感器还在人工尿液样本中成功进行了测试，表明它作为芬太尼检测中的一种快速检测方法是一个有前景的候选者。
