Berger G H, Gaunitz S C
Br J Psychol. 1979 Feb;70(1):21-4. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1979.tb02137.x.
The value of self-rated vividness of imagery in predicting performance was investigated, taking into account the mnemonic strategies utilized among subjects performing a visual-memory task. Subjects classified as 'good' or 'poor' imagers, according to their scores in the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ; Marks, 1972), were to detect as rapidly as possible differences between pairs of similar pictures presented consecutively. No coding instructions were given and the mnemonic strategies used were analysed by studying subjective reports and objective performance measurements. The results indicated that the subjects utilized two main strategies--a detail or an image strategy. The detail strategy was the more efficient. In accordance with a previous study (Berger & Gaunitz, 1977), it was found that the VVIQ did not discriminate between performance by 'good' and 'poor' imagers. However, among subjects who used the image strategy, 'good' imagers performed more rapidly than 'poor' imagers. Self-rated imagery may then have some value in predicting performance among individuals shown to have utilized an image strategy.
研究了自我评定的意象生动性在预测表现方面的价值，同时考虑了执行视觉记忆任务的受试者所采用的记忆策略。根据视觉意象问卷（VVIQ；Marks，1972）的得分，将受试者分为“优秀”或“较差”意象者，要求他们尽可能快地检测连续呈现的相似图片对之间的差异。未给出编码指令，通过研究主观报告和客观表现测量来分析所使用的记忆策略。结果表明，受试者采用了两种主要策略——细节或意象策略。细节策略更有效。与之前的一项研究（Berger & Gaunitz，1977）一致，发现VVIQ无法区分“优秀”和“较差”意象者的表现。然而，在使用意象策略的受试者中，“优秀”意象者的表现比“较差”意象者更快。因此，自我评定的意象在预测已采用意象策略的个体的表现方面可能具有一定价值。
