Schleupner C J, Engle J C
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1982 Feb;21(2):327-33. doi: 10.1128/AAC.21.2.327.
A clinical trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cefotaxime, a new semisynthetic, broad-spectrum cephalosporin, in the therapy of community-and hospital-acquired pneumonias. Thirty-nine males (mean age, 65 years) were treated for 41 episodes of pneumonia. Only five patient did not have a serious underlying disease; 15 had two or more significant disorders. Sixty-six percent of these pneumonias were due to Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae. The minimal inhibitory concentrations for all bacterial isolates ranged from 0.008 to 4 micrograms/ml. Peak serum cefotaxime levels during therapy ranged from 12 to 124 micrograms/ml 1 h after a 1-g dose. Satisfactory bacteriological and clinical responses were observed in 85% of the cases. Four episodes of pulmonary superinfections due to cefotaxime-resistant gram-negative bacilli were noted, each in a patient being mechanically ventilated. Pseudomonas was involved in each of these superinfections, and three were fatal. No serious toxicity or adverse reaction to cefotaxime was seen. The results of this study suggest that cefotaxime is an affective and well-tolerated new cephalosporin antimicrobial agent for the therapy of pneumonia due to susceptible organisms.
一项临床试验旨在评估新型半合成广谱头孢菌素头孢噻肟治疗社区获得性肺炎和医院获得性肺炎的疗效和安全性。39名男性（平均年龄65岁）接受了41次肺炎治疗。只有5名患者没有严重的基础疾病；15名患者有两种或更多严重疾病。这些肺炎中有66%是由肺炎链球菌或流感嗜血杆菌引起的。所有细菌分离株的最低抑菌浓度范围为0.008至4微克/毫升。在1克剂量给药1小时后，治疗期间血清头孢噻肟峰值水平范围为12至124微克/毫升。85%的病例观察到了满意的细菌学和临床反应。记录到4例由耐头孢噻肟革兰阴性杆菌引起的肺部二重感染，均发生在机械通气的患者中。这些二重感染均涉及铜绿假单胞菌，其中3例死亡。未观察到对头孢噻肟的严重毒性或不良反应。本研究结果表明，头孢噻肟是一种有效且耐受性良好的新型头孢菌素抗菌药物，可用于治疗由易感病原体引起的肺炎。
