Orthotopic liver transplantation in children: two-year experience with 47 patients.

During a 24-month period (May 1981 to May 1983), 47 pediatric patients (ranging in age from 7 months to 18 years) underwent orthotopic liver transplantation using cyclosporine and prednisone. Major indications were biliary atresia/hypoplasia, and metabolic liver disease. Thirty-two of 138 patients evaluated for the procedure died prior to transplantation. Thirty patients are alive from 6 to 29 months later including 7/15 patients who required retransplantation. Twenty-one of 32 patients are alive at 1 year following initial transplantation. All 30 survivors are clinically well and living at home; only one has an abnormal bilirubin level. Serious, life-threatening medical and surgical complications were common during the early months following transplantation. With one exception, deaths and major rejection episodes occurred early (before 120 days). All survivors are relieved of the stigmata of chronic liver disease, and many have demonstrated catch-up growth. Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage pediatric liver disease.