Snowdon D A, Phillips R L
Am J Public Health. 1984 Aug;74(8):820-3. doi: 10.2105/ajph.74.8.820.
In 1960, the coffee consumption habits and other lifestyle characteristics of 23,912 white Seventh-day Adventists were assessed by questionnaire. Between 1960 and 1980, deaths due to cancer were identified. There were positive associations between coffee consumption and fatal colon and bladder cancer. The group consuming two or more cups of coffee per day had an estimated relative risk (RR) of 1.7 for fatal colon cancer and 2.0 for fatal bladder cancer, compared to the group that consumed less than one cup per day (RR = 1.0). These positive associations were apparently not confounded by age, sex, cigarette smoking, or meat consumption habits. In this study, there were no significant or suggestive associations between coffee consumption and fatal pancreatic, breast, and ovarian cancer, or a combined group of all other cancer sites.
1960年，通过问卷调查评估了23912名白人基督复临安息日会信徒的咖啡消费习惯及其他生活方式特征。在1960年至1980年期间，确定了因癌症导致的死亡情况。咖啡消费与致命性结肠癌和膀胱癌之间存在正相关。与每天饮用少于一杯咖啡的人群（相对风险RR = 1.0）相比，每天饮用两杯或更多杯咖啡的人群患致命性结肠癌的估计相对风险（RR）为1.7，患致命性膀胱癌的相对风险为2.0。这些正相关显然不受年龄、性别、吸烟或肉类消费习惯的影响。在这项研究中，咖啡消费与致命性胰腺癌、乳腺癌和卵巢癌，或所有其他癌症部位的综合组之间没有显著或提示性的关联。
