Garfinkel L
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1980 Nov;65(5):1169-73.
Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were computed for nonsmokers who were compared with the total American Cancer Society study population for sites of cancer. The SMR were 64 for males and 96 for females for total cancer. Sites with low SMR in males (< 30) included lung, larynx, pleura, tongue, mouth, and pharynx. SMR less than 60 were observed for cancers of the esophagus and bladder. For female nonsmokers, relatively low SMR were observed for lung, larynx, and pharynx cancers. Death rates for cancers of all sites in females exceeded those in males in the age groups of 35--44, 45--54, and 55--64 years. Death rates were about the same in the 65- to 74-year-old group and about 40% higher in males than in females 75 years old and older. Lung cancer death rates in nonsmokers among both males and females were low and ranked between fourth and sixth in males and fifth to eleventh in females in the 5 age groups.
计算了非吸烟者与美国癌症协会研究总人群相比在各癌症部位的标准化死亡率（SMR）。男性和女性所有癌症的SMR分别为64和96。男性中SMR较低（<30）的部位包括肺、喉、胸膜、舌、口腔和咽。食管癌和膀胱癌的SMR低于60。对于女性非吸烟者，肺癌、喉癌和咽癌的SMR相对较低。在35 - 44岁、45 - 54岁和55 - 64岁年龄组中，女性所有部位癌症的死亡率超过男性。65至74岁年龄组的死亡率大致相同，75岁及以上男性的死亡率比女性高约40%。在5个年龄组中，男性和女性非吸烟者的肺癌死亡率都较低，在男性中排名第四至第六，在女性中排名第五至第十一。
