Butcher B T, Jones R N, O'Neil C E, Glindmeyer H W, Diem J E, Dharmarajan V, Weill H, Salvaggio J E
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1977 Sep;116(3):411-21. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1977.116.3.411.
Workers at a toluene-diisocyanate manufacturing plant were studied longitudinally to determine the effects of the chemical on their health. Studies included health questionnaire, pulmonary function, environmental monitoring, and immunologic testing. Workers reporting increased lower respiratory symptoms were from the nonsmoker group. Environmental monitoring showed frequent excursions of toluene-diisocyanate concentrations above the threshold limiting value. There was poor correlation between area and personal exposure levels. No exposure-related decline of pulmonary function was demonstrable. Immunologic studies showed development of a positive skin test to a toluene-diisocyanate-human serum albumin conjugate by some persons and an increasing incidence of toluene-diisocyanate-specific IgE antibodies as measured by a radioallergosorbent test. Toluene-diisocyanate did not induce histamine release from leukocytes in vitro but did diminish the in vitro stimulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate by isoproterenol. Most of the clinically sensitive persons demonstrated adverse bronchial response when challenged by inhalation of toluene-diisocyanate. This response was dose dependent in some persons. When challenged with Mecholyl, clinically sensitive persons showed greater reactivity of airways than nonsensitive persons.
对一家甲苯二异氰酸酯制造工厂的工人进行了纵向研究，以确定该化学物质对他们健康的影响。研究包括健康问卷、肺功能、环境监测和免疫测试。报告下呼吸道症状增加的工人来自非吸烟组。环境监测表明，甲苯二异氰酸酯浓度经常超过阈限值。区域暴露水平与个人暴露水平之间的相关性较差。未发现与暴露相关的肺功能下降。免疫研究表明，一些人对甲苯二异氰酸酯 - 人血清白蛋白结合物的皮肤试验呈阳性，并且通过放射变应原吸附试验测量，甲苯二异氰酸酯特异性IgE抗体的发生率增加。甲苯二异氰酸酯在体外不会诱导白细胞释放组胺，但会减弱异丙肾上腺素对环磷酸腺苷的体外刺激。大多数临床敏感者在吸入甲苯二异氰酸酯激发时表现出不良的支气管反应。在一些人中，这种反应是剂量依赖性的。当用乙酰甲胆碱激发时，临床敏感者的气道反应性比不敏感者更高。
