Ibrahim F, de Thé G, Gessain A
Unité d'Epidémiologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, France.
J Virol. 1995 Nov;69(11):6980-93. doi: 10.1128/JVI.69.11.6980-6993.1995.
A study of simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1) infection in a captive colony of 23 Macaca tonkeana macaques indicated that 17 animals had high human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) antibody titers. Genealogical analysis suggested mainly a mother-to-offspring transmission of this STLV-1. Three long-term T-cell lines, established from peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from three STLV-1-seropositive monkeys, produced HTLV-1 Gag and Env antigens and retroviral particles. The first complete nucleotide sequence of an STLV-1 (9,025 bp), obtained for one of these isolates, indicated an overall genetic organization similar to that of HTLV-1 but with a nucleotide variability for the structural genes ranging from 7.8 to 13.1% compared with the HTLV-1 ATK and STLV-1 PTM3 Asian prototypes. The Tax and Rex regulatory proteins were well conserved, while the pX region, known to encode new proteins in HTLV-1 (open reading frames I and II), was more divergent than that in the ATK strain. Furthermore, a fragment of 522 bp of the gp21 env gene from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNAs from five of the STLV-1-infected monkeys was sequenced. Phylogenetic trees constructed with the long terminal repeat and env (gp46 and gp21) regions demonstrated that this new STLV-1 occupies a unique position within the Asian STLV-1 and HTLV-1 isolates, being, by most analyses, related more to the Australo-Melanesian HTLV-1 topotype than to any other Asian STLV-1. These data raise new hypotheses on the possible interspecies viral transmission between monkeys carrying STLV-1 and early Australoid settlers, ancestors of the present day Australo-Melanesian inhabitants, during their migrations from the Southeast Asian land mass to the greater Australian continent.
一项对23只托氏猕猴圈养群体中猴T细胞白血病病毒1型（STLV-1）感染情况的研究表明，17只动物具有高滴度的人类T细胞白血病病毒1型（HTLV-1）抗体。谱系分析表明，这种STLV-1主要通过母婴传播。从三只STLV-1血清阳性猴子的外周血单个核细胞培养物中建立的三个长期T细胞系产生了HTLV-1 Gag和Env抗原以及逆转录病毒颗粒。从其中一个分离株获得的STLV-1的首个完整核苷酸序列（9025 bp）表明，其总体基因组织与HTLV-1相似，但与HTLV-1 ATK和STLV-1 PTM3亚洲原型相比，结构基因的核苷酸变异性在7.8%至13.1%之间。Tax和Rex调节蛋白高度保守，而在HTLV-1中已知编码新蛋白的pX区域（开放阅读框I和II）比ATK株中的更具差异。此外，对五只STLV-1感染猴子未培养的外周血单个核细胞DNA中的gp21 env基因的522 bp片段进行了测序。用长末端重复序列和env（gp46和gp21）区域构建的系统发育树表明，这种新的STLV-1在亚洲STLV-1和HTLV-1分离株中占据独特位置，在大多数分析中，它与澳大利亚-美拉尼西亚HTLV-1拓扑型的关系比与任何其他亚洲STLV-1的关系更密切。这些数据为携带STLV-1的猴子与现今澳大利亚-美拉尼西亚居民的祖先——早期澳大利亚原住民在从东南亚大陆向澳大利亚大陆迁移期间可能的种间病毒传播提出了新的假设。
