Jolleys J V, Donovan J L, Nanchahal K, Peters T J, Abrams P
Centre for Health Services Management, University of Nottingham, UK.
Br J Urol. 1994 Nov;74(5):551-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1994.tb09182.x.
To measure the level of reported urinary symptoms presumed to be associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) among men aged 40 years and over in the community, and to assess how bothersome these symptoms are perceived to be.
All ambulant men aged 40 years and over who were registered in a general practice (703) were invited to attend the health centre to complete a questionnaire containing the Maine prostatectomy scale and the International Continence Society-BPH questionnaire, and to undergo uroflowmetry.
The prevalence of symptomatic BPH (as defined by a numerical score > or = 11 on the Maine score, a urinary peak flow of < 15 ml/s, and failure to void > or = 150 ml on three separate occasions) was 284/1000 for men aged 40 years and over. This prevalence increased from 179/1000 in men aged 40-49 to 500/1000 in men aged 70 years and over. The most commonly reported symptoms were those typically associated with BPH (terminal dribble, hesitancy, intermittency, urgency). The symptoms that caused men the greatest degree of bother were frequency, nocturia and those causing incontinence or social embarrassment.
The high prevalence of urinary symptoms assumed to be related to BPH in men in the community does not necessarily suggest that these men will require treatment. Common symptoms, typically associated with BPH, were tolerated. Further research is required to investigate the natural history of urinary symptoms, the relationships between symptoms and bladder outflow obstruction secondary to BPH, and to determine the most appropriate management for men in the community, ranging from 'watchful waiting' (monitoring without treatment) to medical or surgical treatment.
测量社区中40岁及以上男性报告的推测与良性前列腺增生（BPH）相关的泌尿系统症状水平，并评估这些症状被认为的困扰程度。
邀请在一家普通诊所登记的所有40岁及以上的门诊男性（703人）到健康中心完成一份包含缅因前列腺切除量表和国际尿失禁协会 - BPH问卷的问卷，并进行尿流率测定。
40岁及以上男性中，有症状的BPH（定义为缅因评分≥11分、尿流峰值<15 ml/s以及三次独立排尿量<150 ml）的患病率为284/1000。该患病率从40 - 49岁男性的179/1000增加到70岁及以上男性的500/1000。最常报告的症状是那些通常与BPH相关的症状（尿末滴沥、排尿犹豫、间歇性排尿、尿急）。给男性带来最大困扰程度的症状是尿频、夜尿以及导致失禁或社交尴尬的症状。
社区男性中推测与BPH相关的泌尿系统症状的高患病率并不一定意味着这些男性需要治疗。通常与BPH相关的常见症状是可以耐受的。需要进一步研究来调查泌尿系统症状的自然史、症状与BPH继发的膀胱出口梗阻之间的关系，并确定社区男性最适宜的管理方法，范围从“观察等待”（不治疗进行监测）到药物或手术治疗。
