Vanrompay D, Ducatelle R, Haesebrouck F
Department of Avian Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, R.U.G., Merelbeke, Belgium.
Vet Microbiol. 1995 Jul;45(2-3):93-119. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(95)00033-7.
In the first part of this article the general characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci namely the history, taxonomy, morphology, reproductive cycle, metabolism and genetics are reviewed. For the taxonomy in particular, a considerable amount of new information has become available in recent years, following the application of monoclonal antibodies and restriction enzymes. Using these techniques isolates of Chlamydia psittaci from birds have been subdivided in different serovars, a number of isolates have been classified in a new species (Chlamydia pecorum) and isolates from animals have been classified as Chlamydia trachomatis. In the second part of the article, the current knowledge on avian chlamydiosis is summarized. Emphasis is put on clinical signs, lesions, pathogenesis, epizootiology, immunity, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Also the public health considerations are reviewed. It is concluded that the diagnosis of avian chlamydiosis is laborious and that there is still a need for more accurate, simple and rapid diagnostic tools, both for antigen and antibody detection in various species of birds.
在本文的第一部分，对鹦鹉热衣原体的一般特征，即历史、分类学、形态学、繁殖周期、代谢和遗传学进行了综述。特别是在分类学方面，近年来随着单克隆抗体和限制酶的应用，已有大量新信息可用。利用这些技术，从鸟类中分离出的鹦鹉热衣原体被细分为不同的血清型，一些分离株被归类为一个新物种（猪衣原体），而从动物中分离出的菌株被归类为沙眼衣原体。在本文的第二部分，总结了当前关于禽衣原体病的知识。重点放在临床症状、病变、发病机制、流行病学、免疫、诊断、预防和治疗上。还对公共卫生方面的考虑进行了综述。得出的结论是，禽衣原体病的诊断费力，并且仍然需要更准确、简单和快速的诊断工具，用于检测各种鸟类中的抗原和抗体。
