Friedman G D, Dales L G, Ury H K
N Engl J Med. 1979 Feb 1;300(5):213-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197902013000501.
We assessed the relation of cigarette smoking to mortality in an 11-year follow-up study of 4004 men and women, 35 to 54 years of age, who responded to urging to have multiphasic health checkups. Accounting for 48 other characteristics, both individually and in combination, failed to eliminate the association of smoking with mortality from all causes or with mortality from coronary heart disease. The smoker-to-nonsmoker mortality ratios, crude and adjusted respectively, were 2.6 and 2.1 for all causes and 4.7 and 3.6 for coronary heart disease. This analysis did not support the counterhypothesis that the association of cigarette smoking with mortality is secondary to some underlying characteristic.
在一项针对4004名年龄在35至54岁之间、响应多阶段健康检查敦促的男性和女性的11年随访研究中，我们评估了吸烟与死亡率之间的关系。单独或综合考虑其他48个特征，均未能消除吸烟与全因死亡率或冠心病死亡率之间的关联。吸烟者与非吸烟者的死亡率之比，粗比和调整后之比，全因分别为2.6和2.1，冠心病分别为4.7和3.6。该分析不支持吸烟与死亡率之间的关联是某些潜在特征所致的反假设。
