Martinez P, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Eiros J M, Perlado E, Flores M, del Pozo M A, Rodríguez-Torres A
Microbiology Laboratory, University Hosptial, c/ Ramón y Cajal, Valladolid, Spain.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995 Apr;14(4):330-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02116526.
The presence of HIV antibodies was screened in 241 paired samples of serum and saliva from seronegative subjects with risk factors for human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection (n = 99), asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV-seropositive patients (n = 104) and healthy blood donors (n = 38) as negative controls, in order to assess the reliability of two saliva tests for the detection of HIV antibodies. These results were confirmed by Western blot. The saliva samples were collected using an oral device (Salivette) maintained in the lateral gingival fold until the individual perceived that it was becoming less rigid due to hydration with saliva. The two tests were a rapid one (Test Pack) and a conventional one (GACELISA). The results for antibody detection in saliva show 99% specificity and 99% sensitivity for the rapid test versus 100% sensitivity and 81% specificity for the conventional test. All results for the saliva samples which were positive in the rapid test were confirmed by Western blot (WHO criteria), and there were no indeterminate Western blot results among the samples which were false-positive in the conventional enzyme immunoassay. No statistically significant differences were observed between the absorbance values of HIV-infected symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The correlation for the results of the HIV-antibody analysis in the paired sera was 98%. This method of saliva sampling in combination with a rapid and sensitive test for HIV-antibody detection may be applicable in studies conducted with limited technical resources or insufficiently trained health personnel or where blood sample collection is difficult.
对241对血清和唾液样本进行了HIV抗体筛查，这些样本来自有人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染风险因素的血清阴性受试者（n = 99）、无症状和有症状的HIV血清阳性患者（n = 104）以及作为阴性对照的健康献血者（n = 38），以评估两种唾液检测方法检测HIV抗体的可靠性。这些结果通过蛋白质印迹法得到证实。唾液样本使用一种口腔装置（唾液采集管）收集，将其置于外侧牙龈沟中，直到个体感觉到由于唾液水化使其变得不那么硬为止。这两种检测方法一种是快速检测法（检测包），另一种是传统检测法（GACELISA）。唾液中抗体检测结果显示，快速检测法的特异性为99%，敏感性为99%；而传统检测法的敏感性为100%，特异性为81%。快速检测呈阳性的所有唾液样本结果均通过蛋白质印迹法（WHO标准）得到证实，在传统酶免疫测定中呈假阳性的样本中没有出现不确定的蛋白质印迹结果。在有症状和无症状的HIV感染患者之间，未观察到吸光度值有统计学显著差异。配对血清中HIV抗体分析结果的相关性为98%。这种唾液采样方法与快速且灵敏的HIV抗体检测方法相结合，可能适用于技术资源有限、卫生人员培训不足或难以采集血样的研究。
