Turell M J, Tammariello R F, Spielman A
Applied Research Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
J Med Entomol. 1995 Jul;32(4):563-8. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/32.4.563.
We determined whether mosquitoes infected with the viruses St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) or Venezuelan equine encephalitis inoculate virus extravascularly or directly into the vascular system. Infected mosquitoes fed on the distal 3rd of the tails of suckling mice. Significantly more mice whose tails were amputated at the midpoint within 10 min of mosquito feeding survived than did siblings whose tails remained intact. Even when tails were amputated 1-6 h after SLE virus-infected mosquitoes fed, the median time to death was significantly longer in mice with amputated tails (7.1 d) than in mice with intact tails (5.8 d). We concluded that mosquitoes inoculated virus primarily extravascularly, rather than directly into the vascular system, while feeding on a vertebrate host. Extravascular, rather than intravascular, delivery of pathogens by mosquitoes may affect disease pathogenesis and vaccine efficacy.
我们确定感染圣路易斯脑炎（SLE）病毒或委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒的蚊子是在血管外接种病毒，还是直接将病毒接种到血管系统中。让感染病毒的蚊子叮咬乳鼠尾巴的远端三分之一处。在蚊子叮咬后10分钟内将尾巴在中点处截断的小鼠，其存活的数量明显多于尾巴保持完整的同窝小鼠。即使在感染SLE病毒的蚊子叮咬后1 - 6小时截断尾巴，尾巴被截断的小鼠的中位死亡时间（7.1天）也明显长于尾巴完整的小鼠（5.8天）。我们得出结论，蚊子在吸食脊椎动物宿主血液时，主要是在血管外而非直接将病毒接种到血管系统中。蚊子通过血管外而非血管内传递病原体可能会影响疾病的发病机制和疫苗效力。
