Ellard G A, de Waard F, Kemmeren J M
National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, UK.
Br J Cancer. 1995 Sep;72(3):788-91. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1995.412.
A nested lung cancer case-control study was carried out using 397 12 h urine samples originally collected from a cohort of over 26,000 women aged 40-64 at entry who were then followed for up to 15 years. The urine samples from active smokers were first identified using a simple qualitative method and their total nicotine metabolites/creatinine ratios then determined by automated colorimetric methods. The results obtained demonstrated the capacity of nicotine metabolite estimations in a single 12 h sample of urine to predict the subsequent risk of lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer among the biochemically proven active smokers during this period was 7.8 times that of the non-smokers, suggesting that the dose-response relationship between smoking and lung cancer is no less step in women than in men. The smoking-related risk of adenocarcinoma was less than that of other lung carcinomas. It is suggested that this biochemical epidemiology approach to exploring the relationship between smoking and lung cancer could profitably be applied to the study of other smoking-related diseases.
开展了一项巢式肺癌病例对照研究，使用了最初从一个超过26000名40至64岁女性队列中收集的397份12小时尿液样本，这些女性在入组时被随访长达15年。首先使用一种简单的定性方法识别现吸烟者的尿液样本，然后通过自动比色法测定其总尼古丁代谢物/肌酐比值。所获得的结果证明了在单次12小时尿液样本中进行尼古丁代谢物估计以预测随后患肺癌风险的能力。在此期间，经生化证实的现吸烟者患肺癌的风险是非吸烟者的7.8倍，这表明吸烟与肺癌之间的剂量反应关系在女性中与男性中一样明显。腺癌与吸烟相关的风险低于其他肺癌。建议这种探索吸烟与肺癌关系的生化流行病学方法可有益地应用于其他吸烟相关疾病的研究。
