Peach H, Ellard G A, Jenner P J, Morris R W
Thorax. 1985 May;40(5):351-7. doi: 10.1136/thx.40.5.351.
Three novel colorimetric methods of detecting urinary nicotine metabolites called the barbituric acid, diethylthiobarbituric acid (DETB), and DETB extraction methods were evaluated for use as a simple, cheap, objective test of smoking. Urine samples were collected from 103 male smokers and 78 male non-smokers working at two London factories. The smokers recorded the number of cigarettes smoked over the previous 36 hours. All three methods correctly classified the smokers. The DETB extraction method had a lower false positive rate (averaging 3% on morning and afternoon urine samples) than either the DETB or the barbituric acid method (12% and 6% respectively) and was the best procedure for classifying subjects as "smokers" or "non-smokers." When a quantitative variant of the barbituric acid method was used there was a significant correlation (r = 0.85, p less than 0.001) between the ratios of urinary nicotine metabolites to creatinine and the number of cigarettes smoked. The ratios for smokers of 6-15, 16-25, and 26 or more cigarettes, however, overlapped considerably. The methods can be performed very rapidly and the reagent cost is equivalent to less than 1p per test.
评估了三种检测尿中尼古丁代谢物的新型比色法，即巴比妥酸法、二乙基硫代巴比妥酸（DETB）法和DETB萃取法，以用作一种简单、廉价且客观的吸烟检测方法。从伦敦两家工厂工作的103名男性吸烟者和78名男性非吸烟者中收集尿液样本。吸烟者记录了过去36小时内的吸烟数量。所有三种方法都能正确区分吸烟者。DETB萃取法的假阳性率较低（上午和下午尿液样本的平均假阳性率为3%），低于DETB法或巴比妥酸法（分别为12%和6%），是将受试者分类为“吸烟者”或“非吸烟者”的最佳方法。当使用巴比妥酸法的定量变体时，尿中尼古丁代谢物与肌酐的比值与吸烟数量之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.85，p < 0.001）。然而，每天吸6 - 15支、16 - 25支以及26支或更多香烟的吸烟者的比值有相当大的重叠。这些方法操作非常迅速，试剂成本每次检测不到1便士。
