Gilbert D G, Gilbert B O
Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 62901, USA.
Behav Genet. 1995 Mar;25(2):133-47. doi: 10.1007/BF02196923.
Individual differences in psychopathology, personality, and nicotine responsivity and their biological bases are evaluated as mechanisms potentially mediating smoking heritability. Smokers are more likely to be high in neurotic traits (e.g., depression, anxiety, anger) and in social alienation (psychoticism, impulsivity, unsocialized sensation-seeking, low conscientiousness, low agreeableness) and low in achievement/socioeconomic status. Psychological and biological mechanisms putatively mediating these associations are reviewed. It is concluded that a number of relatively indirect and complex processes, as well as more direct (e.g., self-medication for psychopathology, nicotine sensitivity), mediate the inheritance of smoking behavior.
心理病理学、人格、尼古丁反应性方面的个体差异及其生物学基础被评估为可能介导吸烟遗传性的机制。吸烟者更有可能具有较高的神经质特质（如抑郁、焦虑、愤怒）和社会疏离感（精神病性、冲动性、非社会化的寻求刺激、低尽责性、低宜人性），且成就/社会经济地位较低。本文综述了可能介导这些关联的心理和生物学机制。研究得出结论，一些相对间接和复杂的过程，以及更直接的过程（如为心理病理学进行自我药物治疗、尼古丁敏感性）介导了吸烟行为的遗传。
