Diaz A M, Papo S, Rodriguez A, Smith J S
Instituto Panamericano de Protección de Alimentos y Zoonosis, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1994 May;41(3):153-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1994.tb00219.x.
A total of 288 rabies-virus samples from 17 Latin American and Caribbean countries were reacted with an array of monoclonal antibodies. Identification of eight distinct antigenic variants among these samples permitted epidemiologic studies of the geographic distribution of different concentrations of rabies in the region and of the animal species serving as maintenance sources for rabies within a concentrated area. Two variants were broadly distributed and associated with enzootic disease in dogs and vampire bats. All isolates from cases of human rabies contained one of these two variants. Two variants had a limited distribution: an outbreak in Brazil, primarily affecting dogs and believed to be maintained by dog-to-dog transmission, and nine cases of rabies in cattle in Venezuela, animal reservoir unknown. A reservoir of rabies in insectivorous bats was identified and the associated variant was found in a rabid domestic cat. The remaining three rabies variants were found in single isolates only, but due to inference from antigenic-typing data from North American samples, were believed to be maintained by reservoirs of rabies in hoary bats, foxes, and skunks.
来自17个拉丁美洲和加勒比国家的总共288份狂犬病病毒样本与一系列单克隆抗体进行了反应。在这些样本中鉴定出8种不同的抗原变体，这使得能够对该地区不同浓度狂犬病的地理分布以及作为集中区域内狂犬病维持源的动物物种进行流行病学研究。两种变体分布广泛，与犬类和吸血蝙蝠的地方性疾病有关。所有人类狂犬病病例的分离株都包含这两种变体中的一种。两种变体分布有限：一种在巴西爆发，主要影响犬类，据信通过犬间传播维持；另一种在委内瑞拉有9例牛狂犬病病例，动物宿主不明。在食虫蝙蝠中发现了狂犬病宿主，并且在一只患狂犬病的家猫中发现了相关变体。其余三种狂犬病变体仅在单个分离株中发现，但根据北美样本的抗原分型数据推断，认为是由灰白蝙蝠、狐狸和臭鼬中的狂犬病宿主维持的。
