Beaudry M, Dufour R, Marcoux S
Département de nutrition humaine et de consommation, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada.
J Pediatr. 1995 Feb;126(2):191-7. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(95)70544-9.
We assessed the effect of the method of feeding on respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses during the first 6 months of life among 776 infants born in New Brunswick, Canada. During a 1-year period, these infants were drawn from the offspring of a population of primiparous women in the province who, after at least 36 weeks of pregnancy, gave birth to one normal infant weighing 2500 gm or more. Data were collected by means of a self-administered standardized questionnaire mailed to every mother a week before her infant reached 6 months of age. The crude incidence density ratio (IDR) revealed a protective effect of breast-feeding on respiratory illnesses (IDR = 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52 to 0.83), on gastrointestinal illnesses (IDR = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.27 to 1.04) and on all illnesses (IDR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.82). The protective effect of breast-feeding on respiratory illnesses persisted even after adjustment for age of the infant, socioeconomic class, maternal age, and cigarette consumption (adjusted IDR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.00). Moreover, if we distinguished ear infection from other respiratory illnesses, we observed a separate protective effect for these two types of events. The results of this retrospective cohort study suggest a protective effect of breast-feeding in our population during the first 6 months of life.
我们评估了喂养方式对加拿大新不伦瑞克省出生的776名婴儿出生后头6个月内呼吸道和胃肠道疾病的影响。在为期1年的时间里，这些婴儿来自该省初产妇群体的后代，这些初产妇在怀孕至少36周后，生下一名体重2500克或以上的正常婴儿。数据通过一份自我管理的标准化问卷收集，该问卷在婴儿满6个月前一周邮寄给每位母亲。粗发病率密度比（IDR）显示母乳喂养对呼吸道疾病有保护作用（IDR = 0.66；95%置信区间（CI），0.52至0.83），对胃肠道疾病（IDR = 0.53；95%CI，0.27至1.04）以及对所有疾病（IDR = 0.67；95%CI，0.54至0.82）均有保护作用。即使在对婴儿年龄、社会经济阶层、母亲年龄和吸烟量进行调整后，母乳喂养对呼吸道疾病的保护作用仍然存在（调整后的IDR = 0.78；95%CI，0.61至1.00）。此外，如果我们将耳部感染与其他呼吸道疾病区分开来，我们观察到这两种类型的事件有单独的保护作用。这项回顾性队列研究的结果表明，在我们的人群中，母乳喂养在出生后头6个月具有保护作用。
