Uwaydah M
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1976 Jul;10(1):52-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.10.1.52.
Cefazolin was used in the treatment of nine patients with acute enteric fever proven by positive blood cultures. In seven patients the causative organism was Salmonella typhi and in two it was Salmonella paratyphi B. Minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentrations of cefazolin against the nine isolates ranged between 1.95 and 3.90 mug/ml. Cefazolin was administered either intramuscularly or intravenously in a daily dose of 3 to 6 g for 11 to 16 days. The mean peak serum antibiotic concentration after a 0.5-g intravenous injection was 64.4 mug/ml, and the mean trough concentration, 3 h later, was 12.7 mug/ml. The highest serum inhibitory dilution at peak level was frequently 1/64, and at trough level it was 1/16 to 1/32. The acute infection was satisfactorily controlled in all patients. Phlebitis, complicating intravenous therapy, in five out of eight patients, was the only side effect observed. Relapse of typhoid fever, as documented by positive blood culture, occurred in one patient 11 days after treatment course was completed. More extensive clinical studies are required before drawing any conclusions regarding the efficacy of cefazolin in acute enteric fever.
头孢唑林用于治疗9例血培养阳性确诊的急性肠热症患者。其中7例的病原体为伤寒沙门菌，2例为副伤寒乙沙门菌。头孢唑林对这9株分离菌的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度在1.95至3.90微克/毫升之间。头孢唑林通过肌肉注射或静脉注射给药，每日剂量为3至6克，疗程为11至16天。静脉注射0.5克后，血清抗生素平均峰值浓度为64.4微克/毫升，3小时后的平均谷浓度为12.7微克/毫升。峰值时最高血清抑菌稀释度常为1/64，谷值时为1/16至1/32。所有患者的急性感染均得到满意控制。观察到的唯一副作用是8例患者中有5例在静脉治疗时出现静脉炎。治疗疗程结束11天后，1例患者血培养阳性，出现伤寒热复发。在对头孢唑林治疗急性肠热症的疗效得出任何结论之前，需要进行更广泛的临床研究。
