Morse D, O'Shea M, Hamilton G, Soltanpoor N, Leece G, Miller E, Brown D
PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London.
Epidemiol Infect. 1994 Oct;113(2):355-65. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800051785.
An outbreak of measles occurred in a community school and the surrounding area in Crowborough, East Sussex, UK, from December 1992 to February 1993. There were 96 suspected cases reported: 66 cases among 1673 students at one school and 30 community cases. The majority of suspected cases were in those aged 11-17 (78%), 2 cases occurred in infants < 1 year old and 8 cases in adults aged 18 years or over. Data collected on 60 (91%) of the 66 suspect school cases showed 56 (93%) had an illness which met a case definition of measles. Eighteen had confirmatory IgM measles antibody. Two cases were hospitalized. The local percentage uptake for measles immunization for the school age years affected varied between 64% and 84%. A survey of parents showed that approximately 74% of the students attending the school had a history of measles immunization. The immunization rates reported by parents for children who developed measles was 21%, (29% based on GP records) compared with 77% for those who remained well. Vaccine efficacy was estimated to be 92%. This outbreak, along with others recently reported in older unimmunized children in the UK, reinforces the need for catch-up immunization programmes to reach this susceptible group of adolescents.
1992年12月至1993年2月，英国东萨塞克斯郡克劳伯勒的一所社区学校及其周边地区爆发了麻疹疫情。共报告了96例疑似病例：一所学校的1673名学生中有66例，社区中有30例。大多数疑似病例年龄在11 - 17岁之间（78%），2例发生在1岁以下婴儿，8例发生在18岁及以上成年人。对66例学校疑似病例中的60例（91%）收集的数据显示，56例（93%）患有符合麻疹病例定义的疾病。18例有确诊的麻疹IgM抗体。2例住院治疗。受影响学龄儿童的麻疹免疫接种当地覆盖率在64%至84%之间。对家长的一项调查显示，该校约74%的学生有麻疹免疫接种史。家长报告患麻疹儿童的免疫接种率为21%（根据全科医生记录为29%），而未患病儿童的免疫接种率为77%。疫苗效力估计为92%。此次疫情，以及英国近期报告的其他涉及未接种疫苗大龄儿童的疫情，都凸显了开展补种免疫计划以覆盖这一易感青少年群体的必要性。
