Grisanti S, Heimann K, Wiedemann P
Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Universitäts-Augenklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1994 May;232(5):302-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00194480.
In recent years, several reports have contributed to a growing suspicion that there is immunologic involvement in proliferative intraocular disorders such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Immune privilege, as in the brain, ovary and testis, also exists in the eye. Therefore, immune responses to unique molecules of the eye, e.g. retinal S-antigen (S-Ag), which the immune system never learns to regard as "self", are possible. This study describes the presence of S-Ag, a major soluble photoreceptor protein involved in the visual transduction cascade, in pathological vitreous. We employed indirect immunoblotting, with human retina as substrate, and demonstrated the occurrence of antiretinal antibodies in the sera of a series of patients with proliferative vitreoretinal disorders. Immunoblot analysis of physiological retina and lyophilized S-Ag, revealed this protein as a target molecule of the immunological involvement of the retina. Further immunochemical investigation, however, must clarify whether this autoimmune reaction is the cause, a consequence, or an aggravating factor of the disease. As we come to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism, a new generation of therapeutic strategies may be envisioned.
近年来，有几份报告加剧了人们越来越多的怀疑，即增殖性眼内疾病如增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变和增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变存在免疫参与。与大脑、卵巢和睾丸一样，眼睛也存在免疫赦免。因此，免疫系统有可能对眼睛的独特分子产生免疫反应，例如视网膜S抗原（S-Ag），免疫系统从未将其视为“自身”。本研究描述了参与视觉转导级联反应的主要可溶性光感受器蛋白S-Ag在病理性玻璃体中的存在。我们以人视网膜为底物进行间接免疫印迹，并证明了一系列增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变患者血清中存在抗视网膜抗体。对生理视网膜和冻干S-Ag的免疫印迹分析表明，该蛋白是视网膜免疫参与的靶分子。然而，进一步的免疫化学研究必须阐明这种自身免疫反应是疾病的原因、结果还是加重因素。随着我们对细胞和分子机制的理解，可能会设想出新一代的治疗策略。
