Werner H P, Reybrouck G, Werner G
Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig B. 1975 Jul;160(4-5):368-91.
At present the testing and assessment of disinfectants is carried out according to different methods in different countries. The result of this is that certain preparations or concentrations are allowed for use in some countries while they are not in neighbouring countries. A study was carried out jointly at two universities with the object of testing the reproducibility of these methods and standardizing them. Furthermore, an attempt was to be made to arrive at common test methods. In 2 labortories (A,B) we tested and compared the disinfectant activity of three disinfectant standards (phenol, aldehyde, iodophor) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1) in the suspension test according to the "Richtlinien für die Prüfung chemischer Desinfektionsmittel" (Directions governing the testing of chemical disinfectants) of the DGHM, (2) in the suspension test of the "Dutch Commission for Phytopharmacy," (3) according to the "Use-Dilution Method" of the A.O.A.C. and (4) in the capacity test according to KELSEY and SYKES. Every individual test was repeated ten times. In addition we determined the reproducibility of the results by repeating the tests several times with one and the same culture and with different cultures (on different days). The exact method is described elsewhere (7). The statistical evaluation of the mean values (Tables 1,3,5 and 7) and variances (Tables 2,4,6 and 8) leads to the following findings: The results obtained with the various methods depend on the lab. technique and were specific to the germs and preparations tested. The reproducibility was best in the DGHM suspension test and the capacity test according to KELSEY and SYKES; the mean values of the two laboratories were closest for the Dutch test of the Commission of Phytopharmacy. The greatest mean value differences and scatter were observed with the A.O.A.C. "Use-Dilution Method." The conclusion of this investigation is that for the preliminary testing of disinfectants a method should be recommended which enables the determination of the acturl germ count reduction after varying periods of action and with well-defined organic challenge. In order to assess the disinfectant action, however, such a test - which answers most of our questions and has optimum reproducibility - must be supplemented by main tests which simulate practical conditions as near as possible.
目前，不同国家对消毒剂的测试和评估方法各不相同。其结果是，某些制剂或浓度在一些国家被允许使用，而在邻国却不被允许。两所大学联合开展了一项研究，旨在测试这些方法的可重复性并使其标准化。此外，还试图达成通用的测试方法。在两个实验室（A、B）中，我们根据德国卫生微生物学会的《化学消毒剂检测指南》，在悬浮液试验中，测试并比较了三种消毒剂标准品（苯酚、醛类、碘伏）对金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的消毒活性；（2）在荷兰植物药剂委员会的悬浮液试验中；（3）根据美国官方分析化学师协会的“使用稀释法”；以及（4）在凯尔西和赛克斯容量试验中进行测试。每个单独的测试都重复了十次。此外，我们通过使用同一培养物并在不同日期使用不同培养物重复测试多次，来确定结果的可重复性。具体方法在其他地方有描述（7）。对平均值（表1、3、5和7）和方差（表2、4、6和8）的统计评估得出以下结果：用各种方法获得的结果取决于实验室技术，并且特定于所测试的细菌和制剂。在德国卫生微生物学会悬浮液试验和凯尔西与赛克斯容量试验中，可重复性最佳；在荷兰植物药剂委员会的测试中，两个实验室的平均值最接近。在美国官方分析化学师协会的“使用稀释法”中，观察到最大的平均值差异和离散度。这项调查的结论是，对于消毒剂的初步测试，应推荐一种能够确定在不同作用时间后实际细菌数量减少情况以及明确有机挑战的方法。然而，为了评估消毒作用，这样一个能回答我们大多数问题且具有最佳可重复性的测试，必须辅以尽可能模拟实际条件的主要测试。
