van Wyk C W, Stander I, Padayachee A, Grobler-Rabie A F
Oral and Dental Research Unit, University of Stellenbosch, Parowvallei, CP.
S Afr Med J. 1993 Jun;83(6):425-9.
A retrospective study (1983-1989) of oral squamous carcinomas and concomitant oral habits was undertaken in South African Indians from Natal. Information came from hospital records and interviews with patients, families and friends. There were 143 oral squamous carcinomas; these occurred in a ratio of 1:1,6 for men and women respectively. Squamous carcinomas of the cheek (buccal mucosa, alveolar sulcus and gingiva) occurred most frequently, especially in women (57/89--64%), while in men tongue cancer predominated (22/54--41%). Ninety-three per cent of women (83/87) and 17% of men (9/54) habitually chewed the areca nut. Thirty-nine of 57 women (68%) with cheek cancer and 21/25 (84%) with tongue cancer only chewed the nut (no tobacco, snuff or smoking). Analyses confirmed an association between nut chewing and cheek cancer. The odds ratio (OR) for oral cancer in women 25 years and older who only chewed the nut was 43,9 and the attributable risk (AR) 0,89 (89%). With tobacco the OR increases to 47,42 and the AR to 0,91 (91%). The data showed that the areca nut habit with or without tobacco use is important in the development of oral squamous carcinoma. Elimination of this habit can reduce the risk in these women substantially (89-91%) if all other factors remain the same.
对纳塔尔省的南非印度人进行了一项关于口腔鳞状细胞癌及相关口腔习惯的回顾性研究（1983 - 1989年）。信息来自医院记录以及对患者、家属和朋友的访谈。共有143例口腔鳞状细胞癌；男性和女性的发病比例分别为1:1.6。颊部（颊黏膜、牙槽沟和牙龈）的鳞状细胞癌最为常见，尤其是女性（57/89 - 64%），而男性中舌癌占主导（22/54 - 41%）。93%的女性（83/87）和17%的男性（9/54）有咀嚼槟榔的习惯。57例颊癌女性中有39例（68%）以及21/25例（84%）舌癌患者仅咀嚼槟榔（不使用烟草、鼻烟或吸烟）。分析证实咀嚼槟榔与颊癌之间存在关联。仅咀嚼槟榔的25岁及以上女性患口腔癌的优势比（OR）为43.9，归因风险（AR）为0.89（89%）。同时使用烟草时，OR升至47.42，AR升至0.91（91%）。数据表明，无论是否使用烟草，咀嚼槟榔的习惯在口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生中都很重要。如果所有其他因素保持不变，戒除这种习惯可大幅降低这些女性的患病风险（89 - 91%）。
