Kitagawa I, Hori K, Sakagami M, Hashiuchi F, Yoshikawa M, Ren J
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Japan.
Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1993 Aug;41(8):1350-7. doi: 10.1248/cpb.41.1350.
Two sweet oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides named apioglycyrrhizin and araboglycyrrhizin were isolated from the air-dried roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin, collected in Xinjiang province (Shinkyo-Kanzo in Japanese), together with glycyrrhizin (3), licorice-saponins A3 (8), G2 (10), and H2 (11) and known flavonoid glycosides. On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence, the structures of apioglycyrrhizin and araboglycyrrhizin have been determined to be expressed as 3-O-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D- glucuronopyranosyl]glycyrrhetic acid (1) and 3-O-[alpha-L- arabinopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]glycyrrhet ic acid (2), respectively. During the course of these studies, it has been found that the hydroxyl groups in the oligosaccharide moiety of the glucuronide saponins may be partially methylated by prolonged treatment with diazomethane in methanol. The sweetness of the saponins hitherto isolated from various Glycyrrhizae Radix has been examined and a structure-sweetness relationship, as compared with glycyrrhizin, has been found.
从采自中国新疆地区（日语称“新強甘草”）的胀果甘草干燥根中，分离得到了两种甜的齐墩果烷型三萜寡糖苷，分别命名为芹糖甘草皂苷元和阿拉伯糖甘草皂苷元，同时还得到了甘草皂苷（3）、甘草皂苷A3（8）、G2（10）、H2（11）以及一些已知的黄酮苷。基于化学和物理化学证据，已确定芹糖甘草皂苷元和阿拉伯糖甘草皂苷元的结构分别为3 - O - [β - D - 芹糖呋喃糖基(1→2) - β - D - 葡萄糖醛酸吡喃糖基]甘草次酸（1）和3 - O - [α - L - 阿拉伯糖吡喃糖基(1→2) - β - D - 葡萄糖醛酸吡喃糖基]甘草次酸（2）。在这些研究过程中，发现葡萄糖醛酸皂苷寡糖部分的羟基在用重氮甲烷在甲醇中长时间处理时可能会部分甲基化。已对迄今从各种甘草根中分离得到的皂苷的甜度进行了检测，并发现了与甘草皂苷相比的结构 - 甜度关系。
