Lambert T W, Goldacre M J, Edwards C, Parkhouse J
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Oxford.
BMJ. 1996 Jul 6;313(7048):19-24. doi: 10.1136/bmj.313.7048.19.
To report the career preferences of doctors who qualified in the United Kingdom in 1993 and to compare their choices with those of earlier cohorts of qualifiers.
Postal questionnaires with structured questions, including questions about choice of future long term career, were sent to doctors a year after qualification.
United Kingdom.
All medical qualifiers of 1993, comparing their replies with those from earlier studies of the qualifiers of 1974, 1977, 1980, and 1983.
Choice of future long term career and certainty of choice expressed at the end of the first year after qualification.
Questionnaires were sent to 3657 doctors. 2621 (71.7%) replied. Of the 2621 respondents, 70.5% (1849) stated that their first preference was for a career in hospital practice, 25.8% (677) specified general practice, 1.0% (25) specified public health medicine or community health, 1.4% (36) specified careers outside medicine, and 1.3% (34) did not state a choice. By contrast, 44.7% (1416/3168) of the doctors in the 1983 cohort had specified that their first preference was general practice. Among the 1993 qualifiers, general practice was the first career choice of 17.5% of men (227/1297) and 34.0% of women (450/1324). Only 7.4% of men (96/1297) stated that they definitely wanted to enter general practice. Only 7.8% (103/1324) of women qualifiers in 1993 expressed a career preference for surgical specialties. Within hospital practice, comparing 1993 with 1983, choices for the medical specialties and for accident and emergency medicine rose and those for pathology fell. Women were less definite than men about their choice of future long term career.
If the 1993 cohort is typical of the current generation of young doctors, there has been a substantial shift away from general practice as a career choice expressed at the end of the preregistration year. General practice was much more popular among women than men. Few women opted for surgery. The sex imbalance in the percentage of doctors who choose different mainstreams of medical practice seems set to continue.
报告1993年在英国取得资格的医生的职业偏好，并将他们的选择与早期取得资格的同期群体进行比较。
在医生取得资格一年后，通过邮寄包含结构化问题的问卷进行调查，这些问题包括关于未来长期职业选择的问题。
英国。
所有1993年取得医学资格的人员，并将他们的回答与之前对1974年、1977年、1980年和1983年取得资格人员的研究结果进行比较。
取得资格后第一年末表达的未来长期职业选择及选择的确定性。
向3657名医生发放了问卷。2621人（71.7%）回复。在2621名受访者中，70.5%（1849人）表示他们的首选是医院工作，25.8%（677人）选择全科医疗，1.0%（25人）选择公共卫生医学或社区卫生，1.4%（36人）选择医学以外的职业，1.3%（34人）未表明选择。相比之下，1983年那批医生中有44.7%（1416/3168）表示他们的首选是全科医疗。在1993年取得资格的人员中，全科医疗是17.5%的男性（227/1297）和34.0%的女性（450/1324）的第一职业选择。只有7.4%的男性（96/1297）表示他们肯定想从事全科医疗工作。1993年取得资格的女性中只有7.8%（103/1324）表示倾向于外科专科职业。在医院工作领域内，将1993年与1983年进行比较，医学专科以及急诊医学的选择增加，而病理学的选择减少。女性在未来长期职业选择上不如男性确定。
如果1993年这批人是当代年轻医生的典型代表，那么在注册前一年末表达的职业选择中，从全科医疗转向其他职业的情况已相当显著。全科医疗在女性中比在男性中更受欢迎。很少有女性选择外科。在选择不同医学实践主流领域的医生比例中，性别失衡似乎会持续下去。
