Bettencourt B A, Miller N
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA. psyannb@mizzou 1.missouri.edu
Psychol Bull. 1996 May;119(3):422-47. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.119.3.422.
In this article, we meta-analytically examine experimental studies to assess the moderating effect of provocation on gender differences in aggression. Convergent evidence shows that, whereas unprovoked men are more aggressive than women, provocation markedly attenuates this gender difference. Gender differences in appraisals of provocation intensity and fear of danger from retaliation (but not negative affect) partially mediate the attenuating effect of provocation. However, they do not entirely account for its manipulated effect. Type of provocation and other contextual variables also affect the magnitude of gender differences in aggression. The results support a social role analysis of gender differences in aggression and counter A. H. Eagly and V. Steffen's (1986) meta-analytic inability to confirm an attenuating effect of provocation on gender differences in aggression.
在本文中，我们进行了荟萃分析，考察实验研究以评估挑衅对攻击行为中性别差异的调节作用。一致的证据表明，在未受挑衅的情况下，男性比女性更具攻击性，但挑衅会显著减弱这种性别差异。对挑衅强度的评估以及对报复危险的恐惧（而非消极情绪）方面的性别差异部分介导了挑衅的减弱作用。然而，它们并不能完全解释其操纵效应。挑衅类型和其他情境变量也会影响攻击行为中性别差异的大小。这些结果支持了对攻击行为中性别差异的社会角色分析，并反驳了A. H. 伊格利和V. 斯特芬（1986年）的荟萃分析未能证实挑衅对攻击行为中性别差异具有减弱作用的观点。
