Sorensen G, Thompson B, Glanz K, Feng Z, Kinne S, DiClemente C, Emmons K, Heimendinger J, Probart C, Lichtenstein E
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Control, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1996 Jul;86(7):939-47. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.7.939.
This paper presents the behavioral results of the Working Well Trial, the largest US work site cancer prevention and control trial to date.
The Working Well Trial used a randomized, matched-pair evaluation design, with the work site as the unit of assignment and analysis. The study was conducted in 111 work sites (n = 28,000 workers). The effects of the intervention were evaluated by comparing changes in intervention and control work sites, as measured in cross-sectional surveys at baseline and follow-up. The 2-year intervention targeted both individuals and the work-site environment.
There occurred a net reduction in the percentage of energy obtained from fat consumption of 0.37 percentage points (P = .033), a net increase in fiber densities of 0.13 g/1000 kcal (P = .056), and an average increase in fruit and vegetable intake of 0.18 servings per day (P = .0001). Changes in tobacco use were in the desired direction but were not significant.
Significant but small differences were observed for nutrition. Positive trends, but no significant results, were observed in trial-wide smoking outcomes. The observed net differences were small owing to the substantial secular changes in target behaviors.
本文介绍了“健康工作试验”的行为学结果，该试验是美国迄今为止规模最大的工作场所癌症预防与控制试验。
“健康工作试验”采用随机配对评估设计，将工作场所作为分配和分析单位。该研究在111个工作场所开展（涉及28000名工人）。通过比较干预组和对照组工作场所的变化（在基线和随访时的横断面调查中测量）来评估干预效果。为期两年的干预针对个人和工作场所环境。
从脂肪摄入中获取的能量百分比净降低了0.37个百分点（P = 0.033），纤维密度净增加了0.13克/1000千卡（P = 0.056），水果和蔬菜摄入量平均每天增加0.18份（P = 0.0001）。烟草使用的变化虽朝着预期方向，但不显著。
在营养方面观察到显著但微小的差异。在全试验范围的吸烟结果中观察到积极趋势，但无显著结果。由于目标行为的长期显著变化，观察到的净差异较小。
