Heijnen M L, van Amelsvoort J M, Deurenberg P, Beynen A C
Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, Netherlands. marie-louise
Am J Clin Nutr. 1996 Sep;64(3):312-8. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/64.3.312.
The question addressed was whether dietary resistant starch would lower serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations in healthy normolipidemic subjects. In a randomized single-blind 3 x 3 Latin-square study with corrections for any carryover effects, 27 males and 30 females consumed supplements containing glucose or resistant starch (RS) from raw high-amylose cornstarch (RS2) or from retrograded high-amylose cornstarch (RS3). The RS2 and RS3 supplements provided 30 g RS/d. Each type of supplement was consumed in addition to the habitual diet for 3 wk. At the end of each 3-wk period, fasting blood samples and a 24-h food-consumption recall were obtained from each subject. The subjects collected 24-h urine samples for lithium determination, which was added to the supplements to check compliance. Mean lithium recovery was 97% and did not differ between supplements. The mean composition of the background diet was similar when the three supplements were taken. Body weight remained constant throughout the study. There were no significant differences in the fasting concentrations of serum total, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol; triacylglycerols, or 3 alpha-hydroxy bile acids after consumption of glucose, RS2, or RS3. Evidence is presented that the lack of effect of RS2 and RS3 on serum lipid concentrations cannot be explained by insufficient statistical power, a low dose, or a short duration of treatment. The subjects reported softer stools and more gastrointestinal symptoms after supplementation with RS than after glucose. Neither the RS2 nor the RS3 supplements lowered serum lipid concentrations in healthy, normolipidemic men and women.
研究的问题是，膳食抗性淀粉是否会降低健康血脂正常受试者的血清胆固醇和三酰甘油浓度。在一项随机单盲的3×3拉丁方研究中，并对任何残留效应进行了校正，27名男性和30名女性食用了含有葡萄糖或抗性淀粉（RS）的补充剂，抗性淀粉来自生高直链玉米淀粉（RS2）或回生高直链玉米淀粉（RS3）。RS2和RS3补充剂提供30克抗性淀粉/天。除了习惯性饮食外，每种补充剂都食用3周。在每个3周周期结束时，从每个受试者采集空腹血样和24小时食物摄入回忆。受试者收集24小时尿液样本用于锂测定，锂被添加到补充剂中以检查依从性。平均锂回收率为97%，不同补充剂之间无差异。服用三种补充剂时，背景饮食的平均组成相似。在整个研究过程中体重保持不变。食用葡萄糖、RS2或RS3后，血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇、三酰甘油或3α-羟基胆汁酸的空腹浓度没有显著差异。有证据表明，RS2和RS3对血清脂质浓度缺乏影响不能用统计效力不足、剂量低或治疗时间短来解释。受试者报告，补充RS后比补充葡萄糖后大便更软，胃肠道症状更多。RS2和RS3补充剂均未降低健康血脂正常的男性和女性的血清脂质浓度。
