Heijnen M L, van Amelsvoort J M, Deurenberg P, Beynen A C
Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Feb;67(2):322-31. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/67.2.322.
To investigate whether resistant starch (RS) affects putative risk factors for colon cancer, 24 healthy men consumed a daily RS supplement for 4 wk in addition to their habitual diet in a single-blind, randomized, balanced multiple crossover trial. During the first week, all subjects consumed the control supplement containing glucose. Subsequently, each subject consumed, in random order, a supplement with RS2 (uncooked high-amylose cornstarch), RS3 (extruded and retrograded high-amylose cornstarch), and glucose, each for 1 wk. The RS2 and RS3 supplements provided 32 g RS/d. Lithium was added to the supplements to measure compliance. Feces, 24-h urine, and breath samples, as well as a 24-h food-consumption recall were obtained weekly from each subject. Compliance as measured by urinary lithium recovery was satisfactory. The mean composition of the background diet did not differ between the various supplementation periods. Breath-hydrogen excretion, stool weight, and fecal starch excretion were significantly higher during RS than during glucose supplementation, but did not differ during RS2 and RS3 supplementation. There were no significant differences in fecal dry weight, pH, or short-chain fatty acid concentrations, nor in the pH, bile acid concentrations, cytotoxicity, or osmolality of fecal water. It is concluded that in healthy men, supplementing the habitual diet for 1 wk with 32 g RS2 or RS3/d compared with glucose had no effect on putative risk factors for colon cancer, except for increasing stool weight and colonic fermentative activity. There were no significant differences between the effects of RS2 and RS3 on the indexes studied.
为了研究抗性淀粉（RS）是否会影响结肠癌的假定风险因素，在一项单盲、随机、平衡多重交叉试验中，24名健康男性除了日常饮食外，每天还摄入RS补充剂，持续4周。在第一周，所有受试者食用含有葡萄糖的对照补充剂。随后，每个受试者以随机顺序分别食用含RS2（未煮熟的高直链玉米淀粉）、RS3（挤压和回生的高直链玉米淀粉）的补充剂以及葡萄糖，每种持续1周。RS2和RS3补充剂每日提供32克RS。在补充剂中添加锂以测量依从性。每周从每个受试者收集粪便、24小时尿液和呼出气体样本，以及24小时食物摄入回忆。通过尿锂回收率衡量的依从性令人满意。不同补充期之间背景饮食的平均组成没有差异。与葡萄糖补充期相比，RS补充期的呼气氢排泄、粪便重量和粪便淀粉排泄显著更高，但RS2和RS3补充期之间没有差异。粪便干重、pH值或短链脂肪酸浓度，以及粪便水的pH值、胆汁酸浓度、细胞毒性或渗透压均无显著差异。得出的结论是，在健康男性中，与葡萄糖相比，在日常饮食中补充32克/天的RS2或RS3持续1周，除了增加粪便重量和结肠发酵活性外，对结肠癌的假定风险因素没有影响。RS2和RS3对所研究指标的影响没有显著差异。
