Jenkins D J, Vuksan V, Kendall C W, Würsch P, Jeffcoat R, Waring S, Mehling C C, Vidgen E, Augustin L S, Wong E
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto and the Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St Michael's Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1998 Dec;17(6):609-16. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1998.10718810.
To assess the effects on fecal bulking, fecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, blood lipids and glycemic indices of two different forms of resistant starch (RS2 and RS3) from a high-amylose cornstarch.
Twenty-four healthy subjects (12 men; 12 women) consumed four supplements taken for 2 weeks in random order separated by 2-week washout periods. The supplements were a low-fiber (control) and supplements providing an additional 30 g dietary fiber as wheat bran (high-fiber control) or the equivalent amount of resistant starch analyzed gravimetrically as dietary fiber from RS2 or RS3. Four-day fecal collections and 12-hour breath gas collections were obtained at the end of each period. Fasting blood was taken at the beginning and end of each period. Glycemic indices of supplements were also assessed.
The wheat bran supplement increased fecal bulk 96+/-14 g/day compared with the low-fiber control (p<0.001) with the mean for both resistant starches also being greater (22+/-8 g/day) than the low-fiber control (p=0.013). On the resistant starch phases, the mean fecal butyrate:SCFA ratio, which has been suggested to have positive implications for colonic health, was significantly above the low-fiber control by 31+/-14% (p=0.035). Resistant starches did not alter serum lipids, urea or breath H2 or CH4. No significant differences in glycemic index were seen between the RS and control supplements.
The potential physiological benefits of the resistant starches studied appear to relate to colonic health in terms of effects on fecal bulk and SCFA metabolism.
评估高直链玉米淀粉中两种不同形式的抗性淀粉（RS2和RS3）对粪便体积、粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFA）生成、血脂和血糖指数的影响。
24名健康受试者（12名男性；12名女性）随机服用四种补充剂，每种服用2周，期间间隔2周的洗脱期。补充剂包括低纤维（对照）以及提供额外30克膳食纤维的补充剂，后者以麦麸形式（高纤维对照）或通过重量分析法作为膳食纤维分析的等量抗性淀粉（来自RS2或RS3）。在每个阶段结束时收集4天的粪便和12小时的呼出气。在每个阶段开始和结束时采集空腹血样。还评估了补充剂的血糖指数。
与低纤维对照相比，麦麸补充剂使粪便体积增加96±14克/天（p<0.001），两种抗性淀粉的平均值（22±8克/天）也高于低纤维对照（p=0.013）。在抗性淀粉阶段，平均粪便丁酸：SCFA比值（已表明对结肠健康有积极影响）显著高于低纤维对照31±14%（p=0.035）。抗性淀粉未改变血清脂质、尿素或呼出气中的氢气或甲烷。RS补充剂与对照补充剂之间的血糖指数无显著差异。
所研究的抗性淀粉的潜在生理益处似乎在对粪便体积和SCFA代谢的影响方面与结肠健康有关。
