Thompson V L
University of Missouri-St. Louis, Dept. of Psychology 63121, USA.
Community Ment Health J. 1996 Jun;32(3):223-33. doi: 10.1007/BF02249424.
The impact of racism on African American personality, behavior, and health has been debated in the psychological literature. There has been little research however, on racism as a stressful life event. The goal of this study was to learn whether perceived racism produces symptoms of subjective distress noted in relationship to other stressful life events. In addition, this study sought to find whether racial identification mediated the psychological impact of perceived experiences of racism. Two hundred African American adults were surveyed. Participants completed a 30 item racial identification measure, a questionnaire that requested information on the experience of racism, and the impact of Events scale. The results showed that one third of the participants reported a perceived experience of racism within six months of the interview. Mean scores for intrusion symptoms were higher as the seriousness of the reported event increased. While participants reported avoidance symptoms, there were no differences based on the seriousness of the racial incident. Racial identification did not mediate the impact of the experience of racism.
种族主义对非裔美国人的性格、行为和健康的影响在心理学文献中一直存在争议。然而，关于种族主义作为一种压力性生活事件的研究却很少。本研究的目的是了解感知到的种族主义是否会产生与其他压力性生活事件相关的主观痛苦症状。此外，本研究试图找出种族认同是否介导了感知到的种族主义经历的心理影响。对200名非裔美国成年人进行了调查。参与者完成了一项30项的种族认同测量、一份询问种族主义经历信息的问卷以及事件影响量表。结果显示，三分之一的参与者报告在访谈前六个月内有感知到的种族主义经历。随着所报告事件的严重性增加，侵入症状的平均得分更高。虽然参与者报告了回避症状，但基于种族事件的严重性没有差异。种族认同并没有介导种族主义经历的影响。
