Kavet R
Environment Group, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA.
Bioelectromagnetics. 1996;17(5):339-57. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1996)17:5<339::AID-BEM1>3.0.CO;2-4.
Exposure to power frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF) is ubiquitous, and a body of epidemiologic studies has produced evidence suggestive of a possible link between EMF exposure and cancer of several types. This paper provides a perspective that holds key findings in the EMF literature against the background of important models and established principles in cancer biology. It is intended primarily for scientists whose expertise lies outside of cancer biology and animal bioassays. Current thinking holds that carcinogenesis is a multistep process that requires at least two genotoxic events in its critical path but that is facilitated by nongenotoxic proliferative effects on target cells. EMF, which itself is not believed to be genotoxic, could influence carcinogenesis if it exerted either direct or indirect effects on target cell turnover. Such effects could operate through receptor-mediated or nonreceptor-mediated pathways. However, effects relevant to carcinogenesis have not been confirmed, and a mode of action for EMF has not been determined. Chronic bioassays in rodents are in progress to examine the potential carcinogenicity of EMFs. EMF research has the opportunity to capitalize on the recent major advances in our understanding of carcinogenic processes.
接触工频电场和磁场（EMF）无处不在，并且一系列流行病学研究已产生证据表明EMF暴露与多种类型癌症之间可能存在联系。本文提供了一种观点，将EMF文献中的关键发现置于癌症生物学的重要模型和既定原则背景下。它主要面向专长不在癌症生物学和动物生物测定领域的科学家。目前的观点认为，致癌作用是一个多步骤过程，在其关键路径中至少需要两个基因毒性事件，但会受到对靶细胞的非基因毒性增殖作用的促进。EMF本身不被认为具有基因毒性，如果它对靶细胞更新产生直接或间接影响，就可能影响致癌作用。这种影响可以通过受体介导或非受体介导的途径发挥作用。然而，与致癌作用相关的影响尚未得到证实，EMF的作用模式也尚未确定。目前正在对啮齿动物进行慢性生物测定，以研究EMF的潜在致癌性。EMF研究有机会利用我们对致癌过程理解方面的近期重大进展。
