Moeller K H, Rosado-de-Christenson M L, Templeton P A
Department of Radiology, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889-5000, USA.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997 Oct;169(4):985-90. doi: 10.2214/ajr.169.4.9308448.
The purpose of this study was to characterize the cross-sectional imaging features of mediastinal mature teratomas.
Sixty-six cases of mediastinal mature teratoma were retrospectively reviewed, noting clinical, radiologic, surgical, and pathologic findings. The patient population consisted of 38 females and 28 males who were 1 week to 67 years old (mean age, 23 years 10 months).
Forty-six patients presented with symptoms, predominantly chest pain, dyspnea, and cough. Twenty patients were asymptomatic. Fifty-four tumors were found in the anterior mediastinum, two in the posterior mediastinum, one in the middle mediastinum, and nine in multiple compartments. CT studies (n = 66) showed masses of heterogeneous attenuation with varying combinations of soft tissue, fluid, fat, and calcium. Soft-tissue attenuation was observed in 66 tumors (100%), fluid in 58 tumors (88%), fat in 50 tumors (76%), and calcification in 35 tumors (53%). The most frequent combination of attenuations was soft tissue, fluid, fat, and calcium, which was noted in 26 masses (39%). The combination of soft tissue, fluid, and fat was seen in 16 tumors (24%); and the combination of soft tissue and fluid was seen in 10 tumors (15%). Fat-fluid levels were seen in seven masses (11%).
Mediastinal mature teratoma typically manifests on CT as a heterogeneous anterior mediastinal mass containing soft-tissue, fluid, fat, or calcium attenuation, or any combination of the four. Fluid-containing cystic areas, fat, and calcification occur frequently. Cystic lesions without fat or calcium were seen in 15% of tumors. Fat-fluid levels, considered highly specific for the diagnosis of mediastinal mature teratoma, are uncommon. CT is the imaging technique of choice in the evaluation of these lesions.
本研究旨在描述纵隔成熟畸胎瘤的横断面成像特征。
回顾性分析66例纵隔成熟畸胎瘤病例，记录临床、放射学、手术及病理结果。患者包括38名女性和28名男性，年龄从1周龄至67岁（平均年龄23岁10个月）。
46例患者有症状，主要为胸痛、呼吸困难和咳嗽。20例患者无症状。54个肿瘤位于前纵隔，2个位于后纵隔，1个位于中纵隔，9个位于多个纵隔间隙。CT检查（n = 66）显示肿块密度不均匀，包含软组织、液体、脂肪和钙化的不同组合。66个肿瘤（100%）可见软组织密度，58个肿瘤（88%）可见液体密度，50个肿瘤（76%）可见脂肪密度，35个肿瘤（53%）可见钙化。最常见的密度组合是软组织、液体、脂肪和钙化，见于26个肿块（39%）。软组织、液体和脂肪的组合见于16个肿瘤（24%）；软组织和液体的组合见于10个肿瘤（15%）。7个肿块（11%）可见脂肪-液体平面。
纵隔成熟畸胎瘤在CT上通常表现为前纵隔不均匀肿块，包含软组织、液体、脂肪或钙化密度，或这四种成分的任意组合。含液囊性区域、脂肪和钙化常见。15%的肿瘤可见无脂肪或钙化的囊性病变。脂肪-液体平面虽被认为对纵隔成熟畸胎瘤诊断具有高度特异性，但并不常见。CT是评估这些病变的首选成像技术。
