年龄、时间和队列对老年男性功能状态和自评健康的影响。
Age, time, and cohort effects on functional status and self-rated health in elderly men.
作者信息
Hoeymans N, Feskens E J, van den Bos G A, Kromhout D
机构信息
Department of Chronic Disease and Environmental Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1997 Oct;87(10):1620-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.10.1620.
OBJECTIVES
This study investigated age-related changes in functional status and self-rated health in elderly men, taking into account changes over time and differences between birth cohorts.
METHODS
The Zutphen Elderly Study is a longitudinal study of men born in the Netherlands between 1900 and 1920. Functional status and self-rated health were measured in 513 men in 1990, in 381 men in 1993, and in 340 men in 1995. Age, time, and cohort effects were analyzed in a mixed longitudinal model.
RESULTS
Longitudinal analyses showed that during 5 years of follow-up, the proportion of men without disabilities decreased from 53% to 39%, whereas the percentage who rated themselves as healthy decreased from 50% to 35%. Cross-sectional analyses confirmed changes in functional status, suggesting an age effect. Time-series analyses confirmed changes in self-rated health, suggesting a time effect. No birth-cohort effects were found.
CONCLUSIONS
Functional status deteriorates with age, whereas self-rated health is not related to age in men aged 70 years and older. The observed 5-year decline in self-rated health seemed to be due to a secular trend.
目的
本研究调查老年男性功能状态和自评健康状况的年龄相关变化，同时考虑到随时间的变化以及出生队列之间的差异。
方法
祖特芬老年研究是一项针对1900年至1920年出生于荷兰的男性的纵向研究。1990年对513名男性、1993年对381名男性以及1995年对340名男性进行了功能状态和自评健康状况的测量。在一个混合纵向模型中分析了年龄、时间和队列效应。
结果
纵向分析表明，在5年的随访期间，无残疾男性的比例从53%降至39%，而自评健康的男性比例从50%降至35%。横断面分析证实了功能状态的变化，提示存在年龄效应。时间序列分析证实了自评健康状况的变化，提示存在时间效应。未发现出生队列效应。
结论
功能状态随年龄恶化，而在70岁及以上男性中，自评健康与年龄无关。观察到的自评健康状况在5年中的下降似乎是由于一种长期趋势。
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