NIH Consens Statement. 1997;15(2):1-41.
To provide health care providers, patients, and the general public with a responsible assessment of behavioral intervention methods that may reduce the risk of HIV infection.
A non-Federal, nonadvocate, 12-member panel representing the fields of psychiatry, psychology, behavioral and social science, social work, and epidemiology. In addition, 15 experts in psychiatry, psychology, behavioral and social science, social work, and epidemiology presented data to the panel and a conference audience of 1,000.
The literature was searched through Medline and an extensive bibliography of references was provided to the panel and the conference audience. Experts prepared abstracts with relevant citations from the literature. Scientific evidence was given precedence over clinical anecdotal experience.
The panel, answering predefined questions, developed its conclusions based on the scientific evidence presented in open forum and the scientific literature. The panel composed a draft statement that was read in its entirety and circulated to the experts and the audience for comment. Thereafter, the panel resolved conflicting recommendations and released a revised statement at the end of the conference. The panel finalized the revisions within a few weeks after the conference.
Behavioral interventions to reduce risk for HIV/AIDS are effective and should be disseminated widely. Legislative restriction on needle exchange programs must be lifted because such legislation constitutes a major barrier to realizing the potential of a powerful approach and exposes millions of people to unnecessary risk. Legislative barriers that discourage effective programs aimed at youth must be eliminated. Although sexual abstinence is a desirable objective, programs must include instruction on safer sex behaviors. The erosion of funding for drug abuse treatment programs must be halted because research data clearly show that such programs reduce risky drug abuse behavior and often eliminate drug abuse itself. Finally, new research must focus on emerging risk groups such as young people, particularly those who are gay and who are members of ethnic minority groups, and women, in whom transmission of the HIV virus to their children remains a major public health problem.
为医疗保健提供者、患者及普通公众提供对可能降低艾滋病毒感染风险的行为干预方法的负责任评估。
一个由12名成员组成的非联邦、非倡导性小组，代表精神病学、心理学、行为与社会科学、社会工作及流行病学领域。此外，15名精神病学、心理学、行为与社会科学、社会工作及流行病学专家向该小组及1000名参会听众提供了数据。
通过医学文献数据库检索文献，并向该小组及参会听众提供了一份广泛的参考文献目录。专家们编写了带有文献相关引用的摘要。科学证据优先于临床轶事经验。
该小组回答预先设定的问题，根据公开论坛上呈现的科学证据及科学文献得出结论。该小组撰写了一份声明草案，全文宣读并分发给专家和听众征求意见。此后，该小组解决了相互冲突的建议，并在会议结束时发布了一份修订声明。会议结束后的几周内，该小组完成了修订的定稿。
降低艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的行为干预措施是有效的，应广泛传播。必须取消对针头交换项目的立法限制，因为此类立法构成了实现一种有效方法潜力的主要障碍，并使数百万人面临不必要的风险。必须消除阻碍针对年轻人的有效项目的立法障碍。虽然性禁欲是一个理想目标，但项目必须包括关于更安全性行为的指导。必须停止药物滥用治疗项目资金的削减，因为研究数据清楚地表明，此类项目可减少危险的药物滥用行为，而且常常能消除药物滥用本身。最后，新的研究必须关注新兴风险群体，如年轻人，尤其是男同性恋者和少数族裔群体成员，以及妇女，艾滋病毒在她们体内传播给子女仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。
