Seidenari S, Francomano M, Mantovani L
Department of Dermatology, University of Modena, Italy.
Contact Dermatitis. 1998 Jun;38(6):311-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05764.x.
Sensitive skin has been described as a skin type showing higher reactivity than normal skin and developing exaggerated reactions when exposed to external factors. The stinging test, performed by applying lactic acid to the nasolabial fold and evaluating the intensity of subjective symptoms, is widely accepted as a marker of sensitivity and employed for the selection of subjects experiencing invisible cutaneous irritation. However, this test is based on self-perceived assessment and lacks objectivity. In order to contribute to the finding of objective descriptors, we assessed baseline biophysical parameters in subjects with sensitive skin by means of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), capacitance, pH, sebum and skin colour measurements, and compared the data with those obtained in normal subjects, also correlating the results with those of clinical assessments and functional tests. Subjects with sensitive skin showed a trend towards higher scores at all assessment times both for the stinging and the washing test. The skin of sensitive subjects was described as less supple, less hydrated and more erythematous and telangiectatic with respect to the skin of normal subjects. A trend towards an increase in TEWL, pH and colorimetric a* values, and a decrease in capacitance, sebum and colorimetric L* values on the face of subjects with sensitive skin was observable. However, significances were only present for capacitance and a* values. Thus, alterations of baseline capacitance values indicate the tendency to barrier impairment and support the view that skin hyperreactivity to water-soluble irritants is induced by a greater amount of irritants absorbed, whereas the increase in the erythema parameter shows that cutaneous vascular hyperreactivity in subjects with sensitive skin also corresponds to baseline vasodilation.
敏感性皮肤被描述为一种比正常皮肤具有更高反应性的皮肤类型，当暴露于外部因素时会产生过度反应。通过在鼻唇沟涂抹乳酸并评估主观症状的强度来进行的刺痛试验，被广泛认为是敏感性的标志，并用于选择经历隐形皮肤刺激的受试者。然而，该试验基于自我感知评估，缺乏客观性。为了有助于找到客观的描述指标，我们通过经表皮水分流失（TEWL）、电容、pH值、皮脂和皮肤颜色测量来评估敏感性皮肤受试者的基线生物物理参数，并将数据与正常受试者的数据进行比较，还将结果与临床评估和功能测试的结果相关联。在刺痛试验和洗涤试验的所有评估时间，敏感性皮肤受试者均呈现出得分更高的趋势。与正常受试者的皮肤相比，敏感性受试者的皮肤被描述为更缺乏柔韧性、水分含量更低、更易出现红斑和毛细血管扩张。在敏感性皮肤受试者的面部可观察到TEWL、pH值和比色法a值增加，以及电容、皮脂和比色法L值降低的趋势。然而，只有电容和a*值具有统计学意义。因此，基线电容值的改变表明存在屏障受损的倾向，并支持这样一种观点，即皮肤对水溶性刺激物的高反应性是由吸收的刺激物数量增加所诱导的，而红斑参数的增加表明敏感性皮肤受试者的皮肤血管高反应性也与基线血管扩张相对应。
