Jalava K, On S L, Vandamme P A, Happonen I, Sukura A, Hänninen M L
Department of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Oct;64(10):3998-4006. doi: 10.1128/AEM.64.10.3998-4006.1998.
It is known that virtually all healthy adult dogs and cats harbor spiral helicobacters in their gastric mucosa. Three species, Helicobacter felis, Helicobacter bizzozeronii, and Helicobacter salomonis have been isolated in vitro from the gastric mucosa of these animals. The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of an isolation method for canine and feline gastric helicobacters that has been developed at the University of Helsinki; to estimate the prevalence and distribution of these taxa in the samples examined; and to assess the efficacy and validity of an extensive set of standardized conventional phenotypic tests, whole-cell protein profiling, and ultrastructural analysis in identifying the different species isolated from canine and feline gastric mucosa. We cultured 95 and 22 gastric mucosal biopsies from dogs and cats, respectively. Twenty-one H. bizzozeronii strains, 8 H. felis strains, 8 H. salomonis strains, 3 mixed cultures, 2 "Flexispira rappini"-like organisms, and 3 as yet uncharacterized strains were isolated from the dogs, and 3 H. felis strains were isolated from the cats. The methods used here yielded Helicobacter isolation rates of 51% from dogs and 13.6% from cats, which exceed those reported previously. The main difficulties were primary isolation, mixed cultures, and identification to the species level. In the species identification, a detailed morphological examination was found to yield important phenotypic characteristics. A large panel of biochemical and tolerance tests did not clearly differentiate the closely related species H. bizzozeronii, H. felis, and H. salomonis. Highly standardized whole-cell protein profiling was shown to be an excellent method for species identification. Improvements in culture conditions for these bacteria are still needed, especially for cats. A genetic identification method not requiring culture is needed for future studies of these very fastidious helicobacters, as the clinical significance and ecology of these species within the gastric mucosa of the domestic carnivores remain largely unknown.
已知几乎所有健康成年犬猫的胃黏膜中都存在螺旋形螺杆菌。已从这些动物的胃黏膜中体外分离出三种螺杆菌，即猫螺杆菌、比氏螺杆菌和所罗门螺杆菌。本研究的目的是评估赫尔辛基大学开发的一种用于犬猫胃螺杆菌的分离方法的效果；估计在所检测样本中这些分类群的流行率和分布情况；并评估一系列广泛的标准化传统表型试验、全细胞蛋白质谱分析和超微结构分析在鉴定从犬猫胃黏膜分离出的不同物种时的效果和有效性。我们分别培养了来自犬和猫的95份和22份胃黏膜活检样本。从犬中分离出21株比氏螺杆菌菌株、8株猫螺杆菌菌株、8株所罗门螺杆菌菌株、3份混合培养物、2株“拉氏弯曲螺菌样”微生物以及3株尚未鉴定的菌株，从猫中分离出3株猫螺杆菌菌株。这里使用的方法使犬的螺杆菌分离率达到51%，猫的分离率达到13.6%，超过了先前报道的分离率。主要困难在于初次分离、混合培养以及物种水平的鉴定。在物种鉴定中，详细的形态学检查被发现能产生重要的表型特征。大量的生化和耐受性试验并不能清晰地区分密切相关的比氏螺杆菌、猫螺杆菌和所罗门螺杆菌。高度标准化的全细胞蛋白质谱分析被证明是一种出色的物种鉴定方法。仍需要改进这些细菌的培养条件，尤其是猫的培养条件。对于这些非常苛求的螺杆菌的未来研究，需要一种无需培养的基因鉴定方法，因为这些物种在食肉动物胃黏膜中的临床意义和生态学在很大程度上仍不清楚。
