Hartter H K, de Swart R L, Hanses F, Vos H W, Bouche F B, Osterhaus A D, Schneider F, Muller C P
Department of Immunology and WHO Collaborating Center for Measles, Laboratoire National de Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
J Virol Methods. 2000 Feb;84(2):191-200. doi: 10.1016/s0166-0934(99)00143-3.
During the WHO campaign to eradicate measles, accurate discrimination between immune and non-immune individuals will become increasingly important. Due to waning immunity in vaccinated populations, the performance of a measles IgG assay depends mainly on its ability to detect reliably seronegative individuals among many vaccinees with low antibody levels. New serological tests based on recombinant proteins detect only a fraction of the total measles virus (MV) specific antibodies. Therefore, several assays based on recombinant MV-haemagglutinin (ELISA and flow cytometry) or MV-fusion protein (flow cytometry) as well as neutralisatlon and haemagglutination test have been evaluated using a large panel of low-titre and negative sera. Since such an evaluation is highly dependent on threshold values for positivity, the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was applied. The H-FACS and the H-ELISA showed the best performing characteristics (specificity: 97.4 and 96.1%, respectively; sensitivity: 88.1 and 89.6%, respectively) and may be an alternative to the neutralisation assay. The number of undefined/grey zone sera was significantly lower compared to a commercial whole virus-based ELISA and therefore fewer individuals would be vaccinated unnecessarily.
在世卫组织根除麻疹的运动中，准确区分免疫个体和非免疫个体将变得越来越重要。由于接种疫苗人群的免疫力会逐渐减弱，麻疹IgG检测的性能主要取决于其在众多抗体水平较低的接种者中可靠检测出血清阴性个体的能力。基于重组蛋白的新型血清学检测只能检测到总麻疹病毒（MV）特异性抗体的一部分。因此，已经使用大量低滴度和阴性血清对几种基于重组MV血凝素（ELISA和流式细胞术）或MV融合蛋白（流式细胞术）以及中和和血凝试验进行了评估。由于这种评估高度依赖于阳性阈值，因此应用了受试者操作特征曲线分析。H-FACS和H-ELISA表现出最佳性能（特异性分别为97.4%和96.1%；敏感性分别为88.1%和89.6%），可能是中和试验的替代方法。与基于全病毒的商业ELISA相比，未定义/灰色区域血清的数量显著减少，因此不必要接种疫苗的个体也会减少。
