Marsh Richard L, Hicks Jason L, Hancock Thomas W, Munsayac Kirk
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-3013, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2002 Mar;30(2):302-11. doi: 10.3758/bf03195291.
The goal of this study was to augment the standard event-based prospective memory paradigm with an output monitoring component. That component involves memory for past actions and, in the context of prospective memory, is largely responsible for repetition and omission errors. The modified paradigm also provides an index of what people believe to be true concerning their past prospective memory performance. More elaborate prospective responses decreased forgetting that an intention had been fulfilled, whereas contextual change increased forgetting. In Experiments 1-3, people often reported that they had fulfilled an intention on a previous occasion when they actually had not, but distinctive responses reduced that error in Experiment 4. Therefore, people's beliefs about their past performance can influence the incidence of repetition and omission errors in event-based prospective memory tasks.
本研究的目的是通过一个输出监控组件来扩充基于事件的标准前瞻记忆范式。该组件涉及对过去行为的记忆，并且在前瞻记忆的背景下，很大程度上导致重复和遗漏错误。修改后的范式还提供了一个指标，用于衡量人们对于自己过去前瞻记忆表现的认知。更详尽的前瞻反应减少了对意图已达成的遗忘，而情境变化则增加了遗忘。在实验1至3中，人们常常报告称自己在前一场合已经达成了某个意图，而实际上并未达成，但在实验4中，独特的反应减少了这种错误。因此，人们对自己过去表现的认知会影响基于事件的前瞻记忆任务中重复和遗漏错误的发生率。
