Margolis Mary Kay, Coyne Karin, Kennedy-Martin Tessa, Baker Timothy, Schein Oliver, Revicki Dennis A
MEDTAP International, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA.
Pharmacoeconomics. 2002;20(12):791-812. doi: 10.2165/00019053-200220120-00001.
Clinically objective measures such as visual acuity or visual field provide an assessment of a patient's visual status. However such measures may not reflect the degree of visual impairment the patient experiences in his or her daily activities. Visual impairment has been shown to have negative effects on health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) and a significant impact on daily functioning, including social activities. As such, there is a growing recognition of the importance of patient-reported outcomes of visual functioning. This review examines the development and psychometric properties of 22 vision-specific instruments assessing visual functioning and/or the impact of visual impairment on HR-QOL or daily activities. Issues relevant to assessing vision-specific subjective outcomes are reviewed, with specific application of the reviewed instruments. Three instruments, the Activities of Daily Vision Scale, National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire, and Visual Function Index have been well validated and widely used, but others also show promise. To fully capture the benefits of a new ophthalmology treatment (or new treatment for eye disease) a valid and reliable visual instrument, in which the psychometric performance has been demonstrated in the particular ocular condition being treated, should be utilised.
诸如视力或视野等临床客观指标可对患者的视觉状态进行评估。然而，此类指标可能无法反映患者在日常活动中所经历的视觉损害程度。视觉损害已被证明会对健康相关生活质量（HR-QOL）产生负面影响，并对包括社交活动在内的日常功能产生重大影响。因此，人们越来越认识到患者报告的视觉功能结果的重要性。本综述考察了22种评估视觉功能和/或视觉损害对HR-QOL或日常活动影响的特定视觉工具的开发及心理测量特性。回顾了与评估特定视觉主观结果相关的问题，并对所回顾工具的具体应用进行了阐述。三种工具，即日常视觉活动量表、美国国立眼科研究所视觉功能问卷和视觉功能指数，已经得到充分验证并被广泛使用，但其他工具也显示出潜力。为了全面获取新的眼科治疗方法（或新的眼病治疗方法）的益处，应使用一种有效且可靠的视觉工具，其心理测量性能已在正在治疗的特定眼部疾病中得到证明。
