Aldoori Walid, Ryan-Harshman Milly
Nutritionals at Whitehall-Robins Inc, Mississauga, Ont.
Can Fam Physician. 2002 Oct;48:1632-7.
To review recent evidence on dietary factors associated with diverticular disease (DD) with special emphasis on dietary fibre.
MEDLINE was searched from January 1966 to December 2001 for articles on the relationship between dietary and other lifestyle factors and DD. Most articles either focused on dietary intervention in treating symptomatic DD or were case-control studies with inherent limitations for studying diet-disease associations. Only one large prospective study of male health professionals in the United States assessed diet at baseline and before initial diagnosis of DD.
A diet high in fibre mainly from fruits and vegetables and low in total fat and red meat decreases risk of DD. Evidence indicates that the insoluble component of fibre is strongly associated with lower risk of DD; this association was particularly strong for cellulose. Caffeine and alcohol do not substantially increase risk of DD, nor does obesity, but higher levels of physical activity seem to reduce risk of DD.
A diet high in fibre and low in total fat and red meat and a lifestyle with more physical activity might help prevent DD.
回顾近期关于与憩室病（DD）相关的饮食因素的证据，特别关注膳食纤维。
检索了1966年1月至2001年12月期间的MEDLINE数据库，以查找有关饮食及其他生活方式因素与憩室病之间关系的文章。大多数文章要么侧重于对有症状的憩室病进行饮食干预，要么是病例对照研究，在研究饮食与疾病的关联方面存在固有局限性。只有一项针对美国男性健康专业人员的大型前瞻性研究在基线时以及首次诊断憩室病之前评估了饮食情况。
富含主要来自水果和蔬菜的纤维且总脂肪和红肉含量低的饮食可降低憩室病风险。有证据表明，纤维的不溶性成分与较低的憩室病风险密切相关；这种关联在纤维素方面尤为明显。咖啡因和酒精不会大幅增加憩室病风险，肥胖也不会，但较高水平的体育活动似乎可降低憩室病风险。
高纤维、低总脂肪和红肉的饮食以及更多体育活动的生活方式可能有助于预防憩室病。
