Malinowski Robert, Filipecki Marcin
Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw Agricultural University, Poland.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2002;7(4):1137-51.
This review presents recent data about cell wall involvement in plant embryogenesis. During plant development, the cell wall is subjected to precise regulation. During this process a bidirectional information exchange between the cell wall and the protoplast is observed. The cell wall also mediates in the cell-cell (apoplastic) and cell to cell (symplastic) information flow. Especially some products derived from the hydrolysis of specific cell wall compounds can act as short distance signal transduction molecules during the development. Oligosaccharins are a group of such products. Their activity and sources focused the researchers' attention on the biochemical composition of the cell wall and the activity of some cell wall enzymes. The dramatic influence on the embryo body shape has also the cell wall synthesis machinery, including vesicular secretion pathways. Moreover, the interplay between the turgor pressure and counteracting cell walls and neighbouring cells (in higher organisms) creates the specific mechanical forces influencing the development of the whole plant. We conclude that discovering factors which can influence cell wall physiology and architecture is crucial for a better understanding of plant embryogenesis. In this review we summarize some recent experimental data reporting plant cell wall involvement in embryogenesis, putting special emphasis on somatic embryogenesis.
本综述介绍了有关细胞壁参与植物胚胎发生的最新数据。在植物发育过程中，细胞壁受到精确调控。在此过程中，观察到细胞壁与原生质体之间存在双向信息交换。细胞壁还介导细胞间（质外体）和细胞到细胞（共质体）的信息流。特别是一些源自特定细胞壁化合物水解的产物，在发育过程中可作为短距离信号转导分子。寡糖素就是这类产物中的一组。它们的活性和来源使研究人员将注意力集中在细胞壁的生化组成和一些细胞壁酶的活性上。细胞壁合成机制，包括囊泡分泌途径，对胚体形态也有显著影响。此外，膨压与对抗细胞壁及相邻细胞（在高等生物中）之间的相互作用产生了影响整个植物发育的特定机械力。我们得出结论，发现能够影响细胞壁生理和结构的因素对于更好地理解植物胚胎发生至关重要。在本综述中，我们总结了一些近期报道植物细胞壁参与胚胎发生的实验数据，特别强调体细胞胚胎发生。
