Raney Gary E
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2003 Mar;10(1):15-28. doi: 10.3758/bf03196466.
The purpose of this article is to review abstract and episodic models of text repetition effects, describe the research supporting these types of models, and propose a new model called the context-dependent representation model, which can explain both abstract-like and episodic-like repetition effects. The basic assumptions of the model are that the surface form and textbase are represented in a context-independent manner, and a coherent situation model binds together the surface features and the textbase and leads to context-dependent representation. When the situation model is well developed, it limits repetition benefits to semantically or contextually similar texts. This produces context-dependent repetition effects, which are functionally similar to episodic repetition effects. When the situation model is not well developed or not task relevant, repetition benefits are not limited to contextually similar texts. This produces context-independent repetition effects, which are functionally similar to abstract repetition effects. The context-dependent representation model provides a theoretical basis for explaining past research, and it can serve as a guide for future research aimed at understanding text repetition effects as well as text comprehension and memory.
本文的目的是回顾文本重复效应的抽象模型和情景模型，描述支持这些模型类型的研究，并提出一种名为情境依赖表征模型的新模型，该模型可以解释类抽象和类情景的重复效应。该模型的基本假设是，表层形式和文本库以与情境无关的方式进行表征，连贯的情境模型将表层特征和文本库结合在一起，并导致情境依赖表征。当情境模型发展完善时，它会将重复的益处限制在语义或情境相似的文本上。这就产生了情境依赖的重复效应，其在功能上类似于情景重复效应。当情境模型发展不完善或与任务不相关时，重复的益处并不局限于情境相似的文本。这就产生了与情境无关的重复效应，其在功能上类似于抽象重复效应。情境依赖表征模型为解释过去的研究提供了理论基础，并且可以作为未来研究的指南，这些研究旨在理解文本重复效应以及文本理解和记忆。
