Harchik A E, Sherman J A, Sheldon J B, Strouse M C
University of Kansas, Overland Park.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1992 Fall;25(3):599-610. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1992.25-599.
A model of ongoing consultation was implemented in a community group home for 8 adults with severe and profound mental retardation. Two consultants, highly experienced in working with people with mental retardation and in the procedures used in group homes, taught staff members to use a token reinforcement system, to engage the adults in a variety of activities, and to improve the content and style of the staff members' interactions with the adults. The consultants taught skills to 9 staff members through brief mini-workshops, direct observation of the staff members' use of the skills during regular activities in the group home, and individual verbal feedback regarding a staff member's performance of the skills. Evaluation of the ongoing consultation process by the 2 consultants showed it to be effective in improving the performance of the staff members and in changing the behaviors of the adults who lived in the home. Continued implementation of the process, however, appeared to be necessary for the behavior changes of staff members to be maintained at high levels.
在一个为8名重度和极重度智力障碍成年人提供服务的社区集体家庭中实施了一个持续咨询模式。两名在与智力障碍者合作以及集体家庭所采用程序方面经验丰富的咨询师,教导工作人员使用代币强化系统,让成年人参与各种活动,并改善工作人员与成年人互动的内容和方式。咨询师通过简短的小型工作坊、在集体家庭日常活动中直接观察工作人员对技能的运用,以及就工作人员技能表现给予个人口头反馈,向9名工作人员传授技能。两名咨询师对持续咨询过程的评估表明,这一过程在提高工作人员表现以及改变居住在该家庭中的成年人行为方面是有效的。然而,似乎有必要持续实施这一过程,以便将工作人员的行为改变维持在较高水平。